pforams@mikrotax - Globigerinoides extremus

Globigerinoides extremus

Classification: pf_cenozoic -> Globigerinidae -> Globigerinoides -> Globigerinoides extremus
Sister taxa: G. tenellus, G. elongatus, G. conglobatus, G. ruber ⟩⟨ G. obliquus, G. extremus, G. altiaperturus, G. eoconglobatus, G. joli, G. neoparawoodi ⟩⟨ G. kennetti, G. bollii, G. italicus ⟩⟨ G. mitra, G. seigliei, G. subquadratus, G. diminutus ⟩⟨ G. bulloideus, G. sp.

K_S 1983 12-1.JPG
Postuma 1971 p291-4.JPG
Norris98 pl2-05.JPG
Postuma 1971 p291-7.JPG

Taxonomy

Citation: Globigerinoides extremus Bolli & Bermudez 1965

Rank: species

Basionym: Globigerinoides obliquus extremus Bolli & Bermudez 1965

Catalog entries: Globigerinoides obliquus extremus

Type images:

holotype: G. obliquus extremus
syntype: G. obliquus extremus
syntype: G. obliquus extremus
syntype: G. obliquus extremus
syntype: G. obliquus extremus
syntype: G. obliquus extremus

Distinguishing features: Strongly obliquely compressed & flattened final chamber.

NB These concise distinguishing features statements are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus.
They are being edited as the site is developed and comments on them are especially welcome.

Description

Wall type: Spinose; Cancellate [Aze 2011]

Morphology: Test medium to high trochospire, all chambers of the final whorl distinctly compressed, the four chambers of the final whorl increasing regularly in size as added, but the last one may be somewhat reduced and distinctly flattened ; sutures on both sides radial to slightly curved and depressed; sur- face distinctly pitted, primary aperture interiomarginal, umbilical, a distinct arch of medium height; chambers of the final whorl with one supplementary aperture opposite the primary one. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Character matrix

test outline:	Lobate	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Equally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical
sp chamber shape:	Globular	coiling axis:	Moderate-high	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	N/A
umb chbr shape:	Globular	umbilicus:	Wide	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	Sutural
spiral sutures:	Strongly depressed	umb depth:	Deep	wall texture:	Cancellate	shell porosity:	Macroperforate: >2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Strongly depressed	final-whorl chambers:	4.0-4.0	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Geographic distribution: Tropical to cool subtropical. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983] Low latitudes [Aze et al. 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan (1983)]

[SCOR WG138]

Isotope paleobiology: Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 1 - Open ocean mixed-layer tropical/subtropical, with symbionts. Based on very heavy ∂¹³C and relatively light ∂¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Keller (1985)

Phylogenetic relations: Gs. extremus evolved from Gs. obliquus by developing laterally compressed chambers in the final whorl and a distinctly flattened final chamber. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Most likely ancestor: Globigerinoides obliquus - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, fig. 9, p. 58.

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): in upper part of PL6 [Atl.] zone (78% up, 2Ma, in Gelasian stage). Data source: Wade et al. (2011), additional event; position within zone determined by linear interpolation from data in table 1 of Wade et al. (2011).
First occurrence (base): in upper part of M13a subzone (73% up, 8.9Ma, in Tortonian stage). Data source: Wade et al. (2011), additional event; position within zone determined by linear interpolation from data in table 1 of Wade et al. (2011).

Plot of occurrence data:

Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
(NB There is no histogram as there are no occurrence records for the taxon in the Neptune database) Parent: Globigerinoides

Primary source for this page: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, p.58

References:

Aze, T. et al. (2011). A phylogeny of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminifera from fossil data. Biological Reviews. 86: 900-927. gs

Bolli, H. M. & Bermudez, P. J. (1965). Zonation based on planktonic foraminifera of middle Miocene to Pliocene warm-water sediments. Bol. Informativo, Asoc. Venez. Geol., Min. Petrol. 8(5): 121-149. gs

Keller, G. (1985). Depth stratification of planktonic foraminifers in the Miocene Ocean. In, Kennett, J. P. (ed.) The Miocene Ocean: Paleoceanography and Biogeography. GSA Memoir. 163: 1-337. gs

Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs

Norris, R. D. (1998). Planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy: Eastern Equatorial Atlantic. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 159: 445-479. gs V O

Postuma, J. A. (1971). Manual of planktonic foraminifera. Elsevier for Shell Group, The Hague. 1-406. gs

Globigerinoides extremus compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 27-1-2021

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Short stable page link: http://mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?id=104062 Go to Archive.is to create a permanent copy of this page - citation notes

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