Nannotax3 - ntax_Farinacci - Chrysochromulina kappa

Original descriptions of taxa - also emended descriptions for a few taxa. For coccolithophores, and many calcispheres, these are pages from the Farinacci & Howe Catalog of Calcareous Nannofossils. In other cases (e.g. non-calcifying haptophytes) the data is directly compiled on this site. The "Catalogue of Calcareous Nannofossils" was originally compiled by Prof A. Farinacci 1969-1989, since 2000 it has been updated and extended by Richard Howe - see The Farinacci and Howe Catalog - an Introduction.
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Citation: Chrysochromulina kappa Parke & Manton, in Parke et al. 1955

Type specimens: Type culture (Plymouth collection 'K') deposited with the Type Culture Collection, Cambridge, and the Marine Biological Association; preserved material and photographs lodged with the Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, England.

Type sample (& lithostrat): the sea off Port Erin, Isle of Man (15 June 1939, type culture)

Standardised type level: 160_HOLOCENE

Farinacci catalog page (& compiler): n/a

Motile cells sphaeroidal, showing some metaboly, 4.5-6.5 (exceptionally 4-10.5) µm in diameter. Two flagella and one haptonema arising close together at one pole; the flagella equal, homodynamic, 1.5-2.5 times the cell diameter in length, smooth, shortly mucronate at the tip under the electron microscope; the haptonema a little longer than the flagella when fully extended, with a basal swelling, a club-shaped tip and a translucent sheath visible only with the electron microscope. The periplast covered by very thin transparent sculptured scales visible only with the electron microscope, on any one cell ranging in shape from oval to polygonal and in size from 0 3 x 0.4 µm to 0.5 x 0.8 µm with, at the flagellar pole, a few scales bearing a soft central spine. Cells uninucleate, no stigma. Chromatophores usually 2 or 4, sometimes 1 or none, golden brown; in cells of the motile phase usually saucer-shaped, parietal, with a single globular body (pyrenoid?) placed centrally on the internal face of each; in cells of the non-motile phase deeply lobed or stellate. Oil and leucosin produced. Ejectile muciferous bodies localized in the cytoplasm mainly at the non-flagellar pole. Nutrition holophytic and/or phagotrophic. Not toxic to fish. In the motile phase asexual reproduction of pigmented and non-pigmented cells by fission into 2, 3 or 4 daughter-cells. In the non-motile phase reproduction (asexual?) by successive fission of amoeboid cells to produce 4 daughter-cells with walls; motile phase probably liberated from walled daughter-cells through a pore.

References:

Edvardsen, B., Eikrem, W., Throndsen, J., Sáez, A. G., Probert, I. & Medlin, L. K. (2011). Ribosomal DNA phylogenies and a morphological revision provide the basis for a revised taxonomy of the Prymnesiales (Haptophyta). European Journal of Phycology. 46(3): 202-228. gs

Parke, M., Manton, I. & Clarke, B. (1955). Studies on marine flagellates. II. Three new species of Chrysochromulina. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 34: 579-604. gs

CATALOG - Chrysochromulina kappa

References:

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