Nannotax3 - ntax_Farinacci - Chrysochromulina lanceolata Nannotax3 - ntax_Farinacci - Chrysochromulina lanceolata

CATALOG - Chrysochromulina lanceolata


Folder trail: ntax_Farinacci -> Haptophytes -> Chrysochromulina -> Chrysochromulina lanceolata
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Original descriptions of taxa. For coccolithophores, and many calcispheres, these are pages from the Farinacci & Howe Catalog of Calcareous Nannofossils. In other cases (e.g. non-calcifying haptophytes) the data is directly compiled on this site. The "Catalogue of Calcareous Nannofossils" was originally compiled by Prof A. Farinacci 1969-1989, since 2000 it has been updated and extended by Richard Howe - see The Farinacci and Howe Catalog - an Introduction.
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Current identification/main database link: Chrysochromulina lanceolata Chrétiennot-Dinet et al. in Puigserver et al. 2003

Compiled data

Citation: Chrysochromulina lanceolata Chrétiennot-Dinet et al. in Puigserver et al. 2003
Taxonomic rank: species
Standardised type level: 160_HOLOCENE
Type locality: Diana’ pond” 42
Farinacci catalog page (& compiler): n/a
Current citation: Chrysochromulina lanceolata Chrétiennot-Dinet et al. in Puigserver et al. 2003


Original Description

Lancet-shaped cells with two slightly asymmetric anterior arms and a posterior tail. Cells 21–38 x 7–12 x 3–7 µm. Two subequal flagella, 30–51 and 29–44 µm long, respectively. Haptonema shorter than the flagella, 23–37 µm long, held straight forward during swimming. A refringent body in the posterior part, just before tail attenuation. Two types of scales. Outer layer with oval scales 1.3–1.6 x 0.9–1.2 µm, carrying a spine approximately equal in length to major scale radius and supported by four struts extended to the rim. Inner layer with elongate plate scales, 1.13–1.47 x 0.8–0.93 µm. Proximal face of both scale types with about 108 radiating ribs, distal face with crossed microfibrils. The cells of C. lanceolata are characterized by their typical lancet shape with pointed ends (Fig. 2, a–f). Cells are easily recognized under living conditions from their angular shape and their way of swimming. They were detected at 40x magnification (objective 4x) under dark-field illumination of the natural sample. They swim gently, mostly in a backward direction, with alternate gyration. The haptonema is extended straight forward, the flagella also directed forward with homodynamic movements (Fig. 2, a–f). Changes from forward to backward direction are frequent, the flagella beating along the cell body (Fig. 2, a–f).

Cells can also make a short stop and attach to a support with their haptonema (Fig. 2c). The two flagella and the haptonema are inserted in a deep depression delimiting two anterior arms, subequal in length, but not exactly symmetrical, the right arm being truncate at its extremity (Fig. 2, a, c, d, and e). Fixation may induce some shrinkage and morphological changes with TEM and SEM procedures. The asymmetry of the arms is more pronounced after fixation (Fig. 3a). Cell length is 21–38 µm with some variation of the tail length. The two flagella, subequal in length, measure 30–51 µm and 29–44 µm. The haptonema is shorter than the flagella (Fig. 2, a–e), measuring 23– 37 µm. Although held straight during swimming, it is able to coil (Fig. 2f). A refringent body is clearly visible in the posterior part of the cell (Fig. 2, a–d). A scaly investment can be observed both in living cells (Fig. 2e) and as an empty cover shed in SEM preparations (Fig. 3b). EM reveals two types of covering scales. The outer layer is made of spiny scales (Fig. 3,a–d) with an oval base measuring 1.3–1.6 x 0.9–1.2 µm. The spine is approximately equal in length to the major scale radius, measuring 0.67–0.87 µm. It is supported by four struts attenuated before reaching the rim. The inner layer is made of elongate plate scales, measuring 1.13–1.47 x 0.8–0.93 µm. Their proximal face shows about 108 radiating ribs, their distal face exhibit a pattern of crossed microfibrils difficult to discern (Fig. 3, c–e). The scales are tightly assembled on the cells and a slight shrinkage is visible on SEM preparations (Fig. 3, a and b).


Etymology:
The specific epithet “lanceolata” (lancet shape) refers to the cell outline.

Extra details from original publication
Chrysochromulina lanceolata was observed for the first time by E. Nezan in November 1994 in a water sample (28 November 1994) from a saline pond (Etang de Diana, salinity 38 psu, temperature 18°C) on the eastern coast of Corsica. It was thought at that time to be C. pseudolanceolata, but the morphology of the fixed cells was slightly different in LM as compared with the cells observed in Banyuls, and it was decided to wait until the scale covering could be observed for a definitive identification (no EM could be done by that time on the Corsican sample). This species made recurrent “blooms” with cell densities reaching 4 x 104 cells·ml-1 on 3 July 1995 and 2 x 105 cells·ml-1 on 5 November 1996 in the same pond. It also occurred in the Urbino pond but was mainly localized in Diana and was usually present during two periods of the year: June–July with temperatures between 23 and 28°C and November (temperature, 13– 18°C). It appeared exceptionally in December 1994 (temperature, 15–17°C).

The same species was later found on the Atlantic coast near Concarneau in a Chrysochromulina bloom containing several species in May 1996. It was also recorded in the Arcachon Basin from mid-August to early November 1997 and from the end of September to mid-October 1998. It has not been seen there since that time. It was recorded in the Mediterranean Sea, in Andratx Harbour (Mallorca) in July 1996 and June/ July 1998, together with C. pseudolanceolata (LM observations). In the Bay of Banyuls, it was present in a June 1998 water sample, in a mixed population with C. pseudolanceolata (SEM observations). Trials for isolation and culturing of both species were unsuccessful, although relatively low cells densities were maintained in the 1-L sample kept in the translucent bottles in Banyuls.

References:

Puigserver, M., Chrétiennot-Dinet, M. -J. & Nezan, E. (2003). Some Prymnesiaceae (Haptophyta, Prymnesiophyceae) from the Mediterranean Sea, with the description of two new species: Chrysochromulina lanceolata sp. nov. and C. pseudolanceolata sp. nov. Journal of Phycology. 39: 762-774. gs


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Chrysochromulina lanceolata: Catalog entry compiled by Jeremy Young. Viewed: 17-2-2025

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