Nannotax3 - ntax_cenozoic - Toweius eminens

Citation: Toweius eminens (Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961) Perch-Nielsen, 1971

Basionym: Coccolithus eminens Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961

Synonyms: Ericsonia quadriperforata Roth (1970) [my interpretation JRY 2015, NB described from Oligocene but T. eminens is often reworked]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Toweius): Typically medium-sized.(5-8 µm), elliptical to circular, central areas typically with a conjunct net and/or bars.
This taxon: Medium sized (typically 6-8 µm) with 4 large pores.

Medium to large; elliptical to sub-circular; central area spanned by a fine proximal net and 4, broad, proximal to distal conjunct axial bars, which may be pierced by fine perforations where they meet. Only the axial bars are visible in LM.

Most likely ancestor: Toweius tovae - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: implicit in Bybell & Self-Trail (1995, p.11) and Romein (1979).
Likely descendants: Toweius occultatus; plot with descendants

Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): within NP10 zone (54.17-55.86Ma, top in Ypresian stage). Data source: [PRB rough estimate]
First occurrence (base): in lower part of NP5 zone (40% up, 60.7Ma, in Selandian stage). Data source: Monechi et al. 2013, fig 5

References:

Bown, P. R. (2005d). Palaeogene calcareous nannofossils from the Kilwa and Lindi areas of coastal Tanzania (Tanzania Drilling Project 2003-4). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 27(1): 21-95. gs O

Bown, P. R. (2010). Calcareous nannofossils from the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum interval of southern Tanzania (TDP Site 14). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 31(1): 11-38. gs O

Bown, P. R. (2016). Paleocene calcareous nannofossils from Tanzania (TDP sites 19, 27 and 38). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 36(1): 1-32. gs O

Bown, P. R., Gibbs, S. J., Sheward, R., O’Dea, S. & Higgins, D. (2014). Searching for cells: the potential of fossil coccospheres in coccolithophore research. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 34(S): 5-21. gs

Bramlette, M. N. & Sullivan, F. R. (1961). Coccolithophorids and related nannoplankton of the Early Tertiary in California. Micropaleontology. 7(2): 129-188. gs

Bybell, L. M. & Self-Trail, J. (1995). Evolutionary, biostratigraphic and taxonomic study of calcareous nanofossils from a continuous Palaeocene-Eocene boundary section in New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper. 1554: 1-36. gs O

Gartner, S. (1971). Calcareous nannofossils from the JOIDES Blake Plateau cores and revision of the Paleogene nannofossil zonation. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology. 8: 101-121. gs O

MacKenzie, D. T. & Wise,S. W. (1983). Paleocene and Eocene calcareous nannofossils from Deep Sea Drilling Project Legs 25 and 40, South and East of Africa. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 71(2): 1141-1170. gs

Mai, H., Hillebrandt-Habel, T., von Salis Perch-Nielsen, K. & Willems, H. (1998). Paleocene coccospheres from DSDP Leg 39, Site 356, Sao Paulo Plateau, S. Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 20(1): 21-29. gs

Monechi, S., Reale, V., Bernaola, G. & Balestra, B. (2013). The Danian/Selandian boundary at Site 1262 (South Atlantic) and in the Tethyan region: Biomagnetostratigraphy, evolutionary trends in fasciculiths and environmental effects of the Latest Danian Event. Marine Micropaleontology. 98(1): 28-40. gs

Müller, C. (1974). Calcareous nannoplankton, Leg 25 (Western Indian Ocean). Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 25: 579-633. gs

Müller, C. (1979). Calcareous nannofssils from the North Atlantic (Leg 48). Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 48: 589-639. gs

Okada, H. & Thierstein, H. R. (1979). Calcareous nannoplankton - Leg 43, Deep Sea Drilling Project. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 43: 507-573. gs O

Perch-Nielsen, K. (1971b). Einige neue Coccolithen aus dem Paläozän der Bucht von Biskaya und dem Eozän der Labrador See. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 21: 347-361. gs

Perch-Nielsen, K. (1972). Remarks on Late Cretaceous to Pleistocene coccoliths from the North Atlantic. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 12: 1003-1069. gs

Perch-Nielsen, K. (1977). Albian to Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils from the Western South Atlantic, DSDP Leg 39. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 39: 699-823. gs O

Perch-Nielsen, K. (1985). Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils. In, Bolli, H. M., Saunders, J. B. & Perch-Nielsen, K. (eds) Plankton Stratigraphy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1): 427-555. gs

Perch-Nielsen, K., Sadek, A., Barakat, M. G. & Teleb, F. (1978). Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Calcareous nannofossil and Planktonic foraminifera zones from Egypt. Actes du VI Colloque Africain de Micropaléontologie - Tunis 1974. Annales des Mines et de la Géologie Tunissienne. 28: 337-403. gs

Pospichal, J. J. & Wise, S. W. (1990). Paleocene to Middle Eocene calcareous nannofossils of ODP sites 689 and 690, Maud Rise, Weddell Sea. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 113: 613-638. gs

Roth, P. H. (1970). Oligocene calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphy. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae. 63: 799-881. gs O

Self-Trail, J. (2011). Paleogene Calcareous Nannofossils of the South Dover Bridge core, Southern Maryland (USA). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 32(1): 1-28. gs

Self-Trail, J. M., Powars, D. S., Watkins, D. K. & Wandless, G. A. (2012). Calcareous nannofossil assemblage changes across the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum: Evidence from a shelf setting. Marine Micropaleontology. 92–93: 61-80. gs

Shepherd, C. L. & Kulhanek, D. K. (2016). Eocene nannofossil biostratigraphy of the mid-Waipara River section, Canterbury Basin, New Zealand. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 36(1): 33-59. gs O

Steurbaut, E. (1998). High–resolution holostratigraphy of Middle Paleocene to Early Eocene strata in Belgium and adjacent areas. Palaeontographica Abteilung A Palaeozoologie Stratigraphie. 247: 91-256. gs

Wise, S. W. & Wind, F. H. (1977). Mesozoic and Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils recovered by DSDP Leg 36 drilling on the Falkland Plateau, south-west Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 36(269-491): -. gs O

Toweius eminens

References:

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