Taxonomy:
Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Toweius): Typically medium-sized.(5-8 µm), elliptical to circular, central areas typically with a conjunct net and/or bars.
This taxon: Small to medium-sized (4-6 µm) with >=10 pores
Farinacci & Howe catalog pages: C. pertusus * , T. craticulus *
Morphology:
Phylogenetic relations
Most likely ancestor: Toweius selandianus - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: Bown et al. 2023, fig.8.
Likely descendants: Toweius tovae;
plot with descendants
LITHS: placolith, circular, elliptical, CA: ca_conjunct, grill, pores, CSPH: equant, monomorphic, CROSS-POLARS: rim-bicyclic, V-prominent, R-prominent, |
Lith size: 3->8µm; |
Geological Range:
Notes: Monechi et al. (2013) reccomend base of T. pertusus as alternative marker for NP3/4 boundary
Last occurrence (top): within NP14 zone (46.29-49.11Ma, top in Lutetian stage). Data source: [PRB rough estimate]
First occurrence (base): at base of NP4 zone (0% up, 63.3Ma, in Danian stage). Data source: Monechi et al. 2013, Fig 5
Plot of occurrence data:
Agnini, C., Fornaciari, E. & Raffi, I. (2008). Three new species of calcareous nannofossil from Late Palaeocene and Early Eocene assemblages (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1262, Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic Ocean). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 30(1): 51-56. gs Bown, P. R. & Dunkley Jones, T. (2012). Calcareous nannofossils from the Paleogene equatorial Pacific (IODP Expedition 320 Sites U1331-1334). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 32(2): 3-51. gs O Bown, P. R. & Newsam, C. (2017). Calcareous nannofossils from the Eocene North Atlantic Ocean (IODP Expedition 342 Sites U1403–1411). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 37(1): 25-60. gs O Bown, P. R. (2005d). Palaeogene calcareous nannofossils from the Kilwa and Lindi areas of coastal Tanzania (Tanzania Drilling Project 2003-4). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 27(1): 21-95. gs O Bown, P. R. (2010). Calcareous nannofossils from the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum interval of southern Tanzania (TDP Site 14). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 31(1): 11-38. gs O Bown, P. R. (2016). Paleocene calcareous nannofossils from Tanzania (TDP sites 19, 27 and 38). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 36(1): 1-32. gs O Bown, P. R., Gibbs, S. J., Sheward, R., O’Dea, S. & Higgins, D. (2014). Searching for cells: the potential of fossil coccospheres in coccolithophore research. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 34(S): 5-21. gs Bown, P. R., Kim, H. & Gibbs, S. J. (2023). Danian calcareous nannofossil evolution and taxonomy with focus on sites from the North Atlantic Ocean (IODP Expedition 342, Sites U1403 and U1407). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 41(2): 110-157. gs O Bybell, L. M. & Self-Trail, J. (1995). Evolutionary, biostratigraphic and taxonomic study of calcareous nanofossils from a continuous Palaeocene-Eocene boundary section in New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper. 1554: 1-36. gs O Hay, W. W. & Mohler, H. P. (1967). Calcareous nannoplankton from Early Tertiary rocks at Point Labau, France and Paleocene-Early Eocene correlations. Journal of Paleontology. 41(6): 1505-1541. gs MacKenzie, D. T. & Wise,S. W. (1983). Paleocene and Eocene calcareous nannofossils from Deep Sea Drilling Project Legs 25 and 40, South and East of Africa. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 71(2): 1141-1170. gs Mai, H., Hillebrandt-Habel, T., von Salis Perch-Nielsen, K. & Willems, H. (1998). Paleocene coccospheres from DSDP Leg 39, Site 356, Sao Paulo Plateau, S. Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 20(1): 21-29. gs Monechi, S., Reale, V., Bernaola, G. & Balestra, B. (2013). The Danian/Selandian boundary at Site 1262 (South Atlantic) and in the Tethyan region: Biomagnetostratigraphy, evolutionary trends in fasciculiths and environmental effects of the Latest Danian Event. Marine Micropaleontology. 98(1): 28-40. gs Müller, C. (1979). Calcareous nannofssils from the North Atlantic (Leg 48). Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 48: 589-639. gs Okada, H. & Thierstein, H. R. (1979). Calcareous nannoplankton - Leg 43, Deep Sea Drilling Project. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 43: 507-573. gs O Perch-Nielsen, K. (1971b). Einige neue Coccolithen aus dem Paläozän der Bucht von Biskaya und dem Eozän der Labrador See. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 21: 347-361. gs Perch-Nielsen, K. (1971c). Elektronenmikroskopische untersuchungen an Coccolithen und verwandten Formen aus dem Eozan von Danemark. Biologiske Skrifter, Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. 18(3): 1-76. gs O Perch-Nielsen, K. (1977). Albian to Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils from the Western South Atlantic, DSDP Leg 39. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 39: 699-823. gs O Perch-Nielsen, K., Sadek, A., Barakat, M. G. & Teleb, F. (1978). Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Calcareous nannofossil and Planktonic foraminifera zones from Egypt. Actes du VI Colloque Africain de Micropaléontologie - Tunis 1974. Annales des Mines et de la Géologie Tunissienne. 28: 337-403. gs Pospichal, J. J. & Wise, S. W. (1990). Paleocene to Middle Eocene calcareous nannofossils of ODP sites 689 and 690, Maud Rise, Weddell Sea. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 113: 613-638. gs Romein, A. J. T. (1979). Lineages in Early Paleogene calcareous nannoplankton. Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin. 22: 1-231. gs O Self-Trail, J. (2011). Paleogene Calcareous Nannofossils of the South Dover Bridge core, Southern Maryland (USA). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 32(1): 1-28. gs Self-Trail, J. M., Powars, D. S., Watkins, D. K. & Wandless, G. A. (2012). Calcareous nannofossil assemblage changes across the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum: Evidence from a shelf setting. Marine Micropaleontology. 92–93: 61-80. gs Shepherd, C. L. & Kulhanek, D. K. (2016). Eocene nannofossil biostratigraphy of the mid-Waipara River section, Canterbury Basin, New Zealand. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 36(1): 33-59. gs O Sullivan, F. R. (1965). Lower Tertiary nannoplankton from the California Coast Ranges. II. Eocene. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences. 53: 1-74. gs O Thomsen, E. & Heilmann-Clausen, C. (1984). The Danian-Selandian boundary at Svejstrup with remarks on the biostratigraphy of the boundary in Western Denmark. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 33: 341-362. gs O Varol, O. (1989b). Eocene calcareous nannofossils from Sile (northwest Turkey). Revista Española de Micropaleontología. 21: 273-320. gs Varol, O. (1998). Palaeogene. In, Bown, P. R. (ed.) Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . 200-224. gs Wise, S. W. & Wind, F. H. (1977). Mesozoic and Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils recovered by DSDP Leg 36 drilling on the Falkland Plateau, south-west Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 36(269-491): -. gs OReferences:
Toweius pertusus compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 11-10-2024
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Comments (2)
The note under the Geological Range recommends the base of T. pertusus as an alternative marker for the NP2/NP3 boundary, but it should say the NP3/NP4 boundary as suggested by Monechi et al. (2013, p 31).
Thanks David, I will change that now.
cheers Jeremy