Nannotax3 - ntax_cenozoic - septate Nannotax3 - ntax_cenozoic - septate

septate


Classification: ntax_cenozoic -> Holococcoliths -> septate
Sister taxa: tubeless, convex, bridged, flat-topped, septate, open-tube, fossil holococcoliths, U. extant holococcolith

Daughter taxa (time control age-window is: 0-800Ma)
Calcidiscus leptoporus subsp. quadriperforatus HOL
Internal walls define 4-6 pores. Tube 10-15 crystallites high, castellated, higher where it meets internal walls. Tube sometimes double-layered, base open.
Scyphosphaera apsteinii HOL
Liths similar to quadriperforatus but larger (3-4 µm), with more pores (8-20) and lacking castellations; single irregular boss near centre of lith.
Pontosphaera japonica HOL
Solid, disk-shaped coccolith with several irregular deep depressions; formed of single block of crystalites with sub-vertical c-axes; no outer wall/tube; one or two irregular knobs on long axis.
Syracolithus sp. type A
Coccoliths with area inside tube almost filled by concentric walls, distal surface ornamented by 10-15 pyramidal bosses.
Syracolithus sp. type B
Liths similar to S. quadriperforatus but more delicate and with open hexagonal mesh fabric.
Syracolithus bicorium
Liths similar to S. quadriperforatus but walls double layered with open hexagonal mesh fabric.

Taxonomy:

Citation: Holococcoliths with internal septae - informal grouping proposed by Young et al., 2003
taxonomic rank: informal group of genera

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Holococcoliths): Haploid life-cycle stages, with liths formed of numerous rhombohedral microcrystals
This taxon: Holococcoliths with tube, open distally and subdivided internally by vertical septae

Farinacci & Howe catalog pages: septate [no catalog entry yet]


Morphology:

Coccospheres monomorphic, coccoliths are open tubes with internal septae (walls), extending down to proximal surface. The tube wall shows hexagonal fabric and the crystallites have radial c-axes (birefringent in plan view in LM). The fabric of the septae is not obviously different, but they are non-birefringent in plan view in LM and so the calcite crystallites must have vertical c-axes.
This is a distinctive ultrastructure and although most species have been placed in Syracolithus it is quite different to the other species tradtionally placed in Syracolithus.


Biology & life-cycles

Produced in the haploid phase of Calcidiscaeae (Calcidicus leptoprus ssp. quadriperforatus) and Pontosphaeraceae (

Phylogenetic relations
Young et al. (2003) predicted that holococcolihs with this structure would proved to be closely related, and so produced by the Calcidiscaceae. However, Frada et al. (2009) showed that some of them were produced by the Pontosphaeraceae, and so this holococcolih structure has almost certainly evolved at least twice.

See also: Syracosphaera mediterranea HOl marisrubri type - apparently very similar morphology;

Search data:
: hollow,
Lith size: 1.8->4µm;
The morphological data given here can be used on the advanced search page. See also these notes

Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: Total of ranges of the species in this database
First occurrence (base): within Eocene Epoch (33.89-55.96Ma, base in Ypresian stage). Data source: Total of ranges of species in this database

Plot of occurrence data:

References:

Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Probert, I. & Ostergaard, J. B. (2003). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. S1: 1-132. gs


nannotaxlogo400px

septate compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 3-11-2024

Taxon Search:
Advanced Search

Short stable page link: https://mikrotax.org/Nannotax3/index.php?id=1249 Go to Archive.is to create a permanent copy of this page - citation notes
nannotaxlogo400px

Nannotax is being sponsored through 2024 by Woodside Energy and Shell USA


Add Comment

* Required information
Captcha Image
Powered by Commentics

Comments

No comments yet. Be the first!