Citation: Syracosphaera borealis Okada & McIntyre, 1977taxonomic rank: SpeciesTaxonomic discussion: Young et al. 2003 recognised two variants within S. borealis - type 1 and type 2, the type 2 variant is now regarded as a separate species, S. strigils (formerly S. hirsuta)
Distinguishing features: Parent taxon (borealis type): XCs elliptical discs, with a narrow rim, central part without conical depression. CFCs not differentiated. This taxon: BCs with smooth rim - axial structure prominent irregular ridge or ring; XCs smooth eliptical discs, rare
Morphology: BCs - distal flange moderately broad, slightly flaring, with low sutural ridges; axial structure - irregular ridge or cluster of nodes formed by upgrowth from laths. Sutures radial or with slight dextral obliquity. XCs - small, folded into saddle-shape; rim, narrow, symmetrical (no wing development). Usually only a few observed or absent. Can show arcuate openings at the ends of the central area but these are often not present, or possibly obscured by organics. Size: Coccospheres 6-8 µm /BCs 1.5-2.5 µm
Ecology & BiogeographyA common sub-Arctic species Biology & life-cyclesNo direct observations, but the very similar species S. strigilis has a known holococcolith stage
Lith size: 1.5->3µm; Coccosphere size: 8->10µm; Liths per sphere: 30->50 Data source notes: csph & lith length (BCs) from OD & illustrated specimens; lith numbers from Yang & Wei 2003, range of estimates
The morphological data given here can be used on the advanced search page. See also these notes
Geological Range: Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: present in the plankton (Young et al. 2003) First occurrence (base): within No known fossil record modern (0.00-0.00Ma, base in "Holocene" stage). Data source: [JRY rough estimate]
Plot of occurrence data:
Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
(NB There is no histogram as there are no occurrence records for the taxon in the Neptune database) Parent: borealis type
References:
Malinverno, E., Leoni , B. & Galli, P. (2022). Coccolithophore assemblages and a new species of Alisphaera from the Faafu Atoll, Maldives, Indian Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology. 172(102110): 1-16. gs
Meier, K. J. S., Kinkel, H. & Young, J. R. (2014). A note on calcareous nannoplankton from the Kieler Förde (Baltic Sea). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 33(1): 29-37. gs
Okada, H. & McIntyre, A. (1977). Modern coccolithophores of the Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Micropaleontology. 23(1): 1-55. gs
Samtleben, C. et al. (1995). Plankton in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea: from living communities to sediment assemblages - an actualistic approach. Geologische Rundschau. 84: 108-136. gs
Thomsen, H. A. (2016). Baltic Sea coccolithophores – an overview of insights into their taxonomy and ecology from the last 40 years. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 36(2): 97-119. gsO
Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Probert, I. & Ostergaard, J. B. (2003). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. S1: 1-132. gs
Syracosphaera borealis compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 11-10-2024
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