Daughter taxa (time control age-window is: 0-800Ma) | Granddaughter taxa | ||||
Oceanic | |||||
Coccolithaceae 2N: cells non-motile, bearing placoliths with R-unit extending from proximal shield to form upper/inner tube-cyle, mostly elliptical N: cells motile, holococcolith-bearing | Coccolithus Coronocyclus Ericsonia Solidopons Cruciplacolithus Pletolithus Campylosphaera Bramletteius Chiasmolithus Birkelundia Clausicoccus Hughesius Craticullithus Jeremyella Kilwalithus | ||||
Calcidiscaceae 2N: cells non-motile, bearing placoliths with R-unit confined to proximal shield, mostly circular. N: cells motile, holococcolith-bearing | |||||
Neritic, small | |||||
Hymenomonadaceae 2N: cells motile, bearing muroliths with open central-area; proximal and distal flanges variably developed. Coccosphere large, monomorphic with many small coccoliths. Neritic. N: non-calcifying. | |||||
Pleurochrysidaceae 2N: cells motile, bearing narrow-rimmed placoliths, with obviously interlocking V and R units, open central areas. Neritic. N: non-calcifying. |
Taxonomy:
Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (ntax_cenozoic): Extant coccolithophores and Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils - Mesozoic nannofossils are in a separate module
This taxon: 2N: Mostly placolith heterococcoliths with V-unit forming the distal shield; R-unit the proximal shield. Non-motile
N: Form holococcoliths formed of single block, or non-calcifying
Farinacci & Howe catalog pages: Coccolithales *
Morphology:
Biology & life-cycles
Lith size: 1.5->25µm; |
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: Total of ranges of the species in this database
First occurrence (base): within NP1 zone (65.47-66.04Ma, base in Danian stage). Data source: Total of ranges of species in this database
Plot of occurrence data:
Billard, C. & Inouye, I. (2004). What's new in coccolithophore biology ? In, Thierstein, H. R. & Young, J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - From molecular processes to global impact. Springer, Berlin 1-30. gs Cortés, M. Y. (2000). Further evidence for the heterococcolith-holococcolith combination Calcidiscus leptoporus-Crystallolithus rigidus. In, Young, J. R., Thierstein, H. R. & Winter, A. (eds) Nannoplankton ecology and palaeocology, Proceedings of the INA7 conference, Puerto Rico, February 1998. Marine Micropaleontology . 39(1-4): 35-37. gs Edvardsen, B., Eikrem, W., Green, J. C., Andersen, R. A., Moon-Van Der Staay, S. Y. & Medlin, L. K. (2000). Phylogenetic reconstructions of the Haptophyta inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences and available morphological data. Phycologia. 39: 19-35. gs Fresnel, J. & Billard, C. (1991). Pleurochrysis placolithoides sp. nov. (Prymnesiophiceae), a new marine coccolithophorid with remarks on the status of cricolith-bearing species. British Phycological Journal. 26: 67-80. gs Fresnel, J. & Probert, I. (2005). The ultrastructure and life cycle of the coastal coccolithophorid Ochrosphaera neapolitana (Prymnesiophyceae). European Journal of Phycology. 40(1): 105-122. gs Fresnel, J. (1994). A heteromorphic life cycle in two coastal coccolithophorids, Hymenomonas lacuna and Hymenomonas coronata (Prymnesiophyceae). Canadian Journal of Botany. 72: 1455-1462. gs Fujiwara, S., Tsuzuki, M., Kawachi, M., Minaka, N. & Inouye, I. (2001). Molecular phylogeny of the haptophyta based on the rbcL gene and sequence variation in the spacer region of the RUBISCO operon. Journal of Phycology. 37: 121-129. gs Gayral, P. & Fresnel, J. (1983b). Description, sexualité et cycle de développment d'une nouvelle coccolithophoracée (Prymnesiophyceae): Pleurochrysis pseudoroscoffensis sp. nov. Protistologica. 19(2): 245-261. gs Gayral, P. & Fresnel-Morange, J. (1971). Resultats preliminaires sur la structure et la biologie de la coccolithacee Ochrosphaera neapolitana Schussnig. Comptes rendus hebdomaire de l'Académie des sciences, Paris. 273: 1683-1686. gs Geisen, M., Billard, C., Broerse, A. T. C., Cros, L., Probert, I. & Young, J. R. (2002a). Life-cycle associations involving pairs of holococcolithophorid species: intraspecific variation or cryptic speciation? European Journal of Phycology. 37: 531-550. gs Houdan, A. et al. (2004a). Flow cytometric analysis of relative ploidy levels in holococcolithophore-heterococcolithophore (Haptophyta) life cycles. Systematics and Biodiversity. 1(4): 453-465. gs Jordan, R. W. & Green, J. C. (1994). A check-list of the extant haptophyta of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 74: 149-174. gs Jordan, R. W. & Kleijne, A. (1994). A classification system for living coccolithophores. In, Winter, A. & Siesser, W. G. (eds) Coccolithophores. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 83-105. gs Jordan, R. W., Cros, L. & Young, J. R. (2004). A revised classification scheme for living Haptophytes. Micropaleontology. 50(supplement 1): 55-79. gs Kleijne, A. (1991). Holococcolithophorids from the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology. 17: 1-76. gs Marsh, M. E. (1999). Coccolith crystals of Pleurochrysis carterae: Crystallographic faces, organisation and development. Protoplasma. 207: 54-66. gs Parke, M. & Adams, I. (1960). The motile (Crystallolithus hyalinus Gaarder & Markali) and non-motile phases in the life history of Coccolithus pelagicus (Wallich) Schiller. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 39: 263-274. gs Renaud, S. & Klaas, C. (2001). Seasonal variations in the morphology of the coccolithophore Calcidiscus leptoporus off Bermuda (N. Atlantic). Journal of Plankton Research. 23(8): 779-795. gs Rowson, J. D., Leadbeater, B. S. C. & Green, J. C. (1986). Calcium carbonate deposition in the motile (Crystallolithus) phase of Coccolithus pelagicus (Prymnesiophyceae). British Phycological Journal. 21: 359-370. gs Sáez, A. G., Probert, I., Geisen, M., Quinn, P., Young, J. R. & Medlin, L. K. (2003). Pseudo-cryptic speciation in coccolithophores. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 100(12): 7163-7168. gs Sáez, A. G., Probert, I., Young, J. R., Edvardsen, B., Wenche, E. & Medlin, L. K. (2004). A review of the phylogeny of the Haptophyta. In, Thierstein, H. R. & Young, J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - from molecular processes to global impact. Springer, Berlin 251-270. gs Schwarz, E. (1932). Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Protophyten. IX. Der Formwechsel von Ochrosphaera neapolitana.. Archiv für Protistenkunde. 77: 434-462. gs Young, J. R. & Bown, P. R. (1997). Cenozoic calcareous nannoplankton classification. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 19(1): 36-47. gs Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Probert, I. & Ostergaard, J. B. (2003). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. S1: 1-132. gs Young, J. R., Henriksen, K. & Probert, I. (2004b). Structure and morphogenesis of the coccoliths of the CODENET species. In, Thierstein, H. R. & Young, J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - From molecular processes to global impact. Springer, Berlin 191-216. gs OReferences:
Coccolithales compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 7-12-2024
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