Daughter taxa (time control age-window is: 0-800Ma)
Granddaughter taxa
Calciosolenia Coccosphere with rhombic muroliths with central area floored by transverse laths (scapholiths); varimorphic or dimorphic. Rim bicyclic in LM (the outer part of the rim is dark in xpl, the inner part bright). Typically small, fragile and dissolution susceptible, and so only consistently seen as fossils when preservation is good.
Citation: Calciosoleniaceae Kamptner, 1927Taxonomic rank: familySynonyms: synTaxonomic discussion: This family is not recognised in some classifications of the extant coccolithophores, with the genera instead being included in the Syracosphaeraceae, mainly due to similarities between central-area structures. We prefer to maintain it as a separate family since the rim structure is not like that of typical Syracosphaeraceae (Bown et al. 2017). The group ranges back into the Mesozoic and may have evolved from the Stephanolithiaceae (see e.g. Perch-Nielsen 1985a, Bown & Young 1997).
Distinguishing features: Parent taxon (Syracosphaerales): 2N: Coccoliths with radial lath cycle of T-units, and disjunct, often complex, axial structure, coccospheres often polymorphic, usually motile N: Form holococcoliths, highly variable This taxon: Narrow-rimmed muroliths with central-lath structures but no axial structure. Often strongly varimorphic
Morphology: Coccospheres: motile, monothecate, with elongate shape. Coccoliths: muroliths without flanges, usually termed scapholiths (synonym rhomboliths). The rim is predominantly formed of V-units, with small R-units at the base/inner margin (our obs.). The central-area has a single lath-cycle; pairs of laths from opposite sides of coccolith meet, forming transverse bars. Typically rhombic but there is also an extant form Alveosphaera bimurata with elongate oblong coccoliths. Reference: Manton & Oates (1985) - coccolith structure.
Phylogenetic relationsThere is a non-calcifying haptophyte Navisolenia Lecal 1965, which has an elongate test, covered in rhombic scales. As discussed by Leadbeater & Morton (1973) and Manton & Oates (1985) it is strikingly similar to Calciosolenia. These similarities include, in addition to basic form, the patterning of the base-plate scale and sense of asymmetry of the scales. Hence, it was included in the Calciosoleniaceae by Jordan and Green (1994). However, rhombic plates are clearly an efficient way to cover an elongate test and this basic morphology has almost certainly evolved separately in the genus Placorhombus.
Search data:
Lith size: 0->0µm;
The morphological data given here can be used on the advanced search page. See also these notes
Geological Range: Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: Total of ranges of the species in this database First occurrence (base): within Early Hauterivian Substage (130.60-132.60Ma, base in Hauterivian stage). Data source: Total of ranges of species in this database
Plot of occurrence data:
Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
Neptune data: this is a higher taxon page so Neptune data is not plotted. For the customisable plot option go to a genus page Parent: Syracosphaerales
References:
Bown, P. R., Lees, J. A. & Young, J. R. (2017). On the Cretaceous origin of the Order Syracosphaerales and the genus Syracosphaera. Journal of Micropalaeontology. 36(2): 153-165. gs
Jordan, R. W. & Green, J. C. (1994). A check-list of the extant haptophyta of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 74: 149-174. gs
Kamptner, E. (1927). Beitrag zur Kenntnis adriatischer Coccolithophoriden. Archiv für Protistenkunde. 58: 173-184. gs
Leadbeater, B. S. C. & Morton, C. (1973). Ultrastructural observations on the external morphology of some members of the Haptophyceae from the coast of Jugoslavia. Nova Hedwigia. 24(1): 207-233. gs
Lecal, J. (1965). Navisolenia n. g. aprili n. sp. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse. 100: 422-426. gs
Manton, I. & Oates, K. (1985). Calciosoleniaceae (coccolithophorids) from the Galapagos Island: unmineralized components and coccolith morphology in Anoplosolenia and Calciosolenia, with comparative analysis of equivalents in the unmineralized genus Navisolenia (Haptophyceae = Prymnesiophyceae). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 309: 461-477. gs
Calciosoleniaceae compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 11-7-2025
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