Nannotax3 - ntax_main - Syracosphaera pulchra HOL oblonga type

Citation: Syracosphaera pulchra Lohmann, 1902 HOL oblonga type, sensu Young et al., 2003

Synonyms:

Calyptrosphaera oblonga Lohmann 1902
Calyptrosphaera globosa Lohmann 1902 [my interpretation - JRY 2025]

Lohman (1902) decribed both C. oblonga and C. globosa, separaitng them on the basis of coccosphere shape - sub-spherical in globosa vs elongated in oblonga. Most oblonga-type coccosheres are elongated, but coccosphere shape is not a robust character and sub-spherical cells do occur. Hence globosa is best regarded as a junior synonym of oblonga, or rather of Syracosphaera pulchra.

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (convex): Holococcoliths with tube, covered distally by a convex cover
This taxon: Tube merges into cover; hexagonal mesh fabric

Coccolith structure - dome-shaped, formed of layer of crystallites in hexagonal array with the crystalographic c-axis perpendicular to the surface. In LM the rim is bright and cenral part dark.
Coccospheres weakly dimorphic, piriform.
Coccolith form - the coccoliths have simple dome-shaped, with wall showing heaxoganla mesh fabric. Circum-flagellar coccoliths more elevated and with pyramidal central boss.

The association of these holococcoliths with Syracosphaera pulchra has been demonstrated by observation of numerous combination coccospheres, Cros et al. (2000), Geisen et al. (2002). pirus-type holococcoliths also occur in assocaition with S. pulchra and this has been interpreted as result of pseudo-cryptic speciation (Geisen et al. 2002).

Geological Range:
Notes: Can be common in well-preserved Quaternary sediments (Crudeli et al. 2006).

Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: present in the plankton (Young et al. 2003)
First occurrence (base): within Quaternary Period (0.00-2.59Ma, base in Gelasian stage). Data source: [JRY rough estimate]

References:

Andruleit, H., Rogalla, U. & Staeger, S. (2005). Living coccolithophores recorded during the onset of upwelling conditions off Oman in the western Arabian Sea. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 27(1): 1-14. gs

Cros, L. & Fortuño, J. -M. (2002). Atlas of northwestern Mediterranean coccolithophores. Scientia Marina. 66: 1-186. gs

Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Zeltner, A., Billard, C. & Young, J. R. (2000b). New examples of holococcolith-heterococcolith combination coccospheres and their implications for coccolithophorid biology. In, Young, J. R., Thierstein, H. R. & Winter, A. (eds) Nannoplankton ecology and palaeocology, Proceedings of the INA7 conference, Puerto Rico, February 1998. Marine Micropaleontology . 39(1-4): 1-34. gs

Crudeli, D., et al. (2006). Fossil record of holococcoliths and selected hetero-holococcolith associations from the Mediterranean (Holocene-late Pleistocene): evaluation of carbonate diagenesis, palaeoecological, and palaeoceanographic implications. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 237: 191-212. gs

Geisen, M., Billard, C., Broerse, A. T. C., Cros, L., Probert, I. & Young, J. R. (2002a). Life-cycle associations involving pairs of holococcolithophorid species: intraspecific variation or cryptic speciation? European Journal of Phycology. 37: 531-550. gs

Keuter, S., Young, J. R., Koplovitz, G., Zingone, A. & Frada, M. J. (2021). Novel heterococcolithophores, holococcolithophores and life cycle combinations from the families Syracosphaeraceae and Papposphaeraceae and the genus Florisphaera. Journal of Micropalaeontology. 40: 75-99. gs O

Lohmann, H. (1902). Die Coccolithophoridae, eine Monographie der Coccolithen bildenden Flagellaten, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Mittelmeerauftriebs. Archiv für Protistenkunde. 1: 89-165. gs O

Malinverno, E., Leoni , B. & Galli, P. (2022). Coccolithophore assemblages and a new species of Alisphaera from the Faafu Atoll, Maldives, Indian Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology. 172(102110): 1-16. gs

Okada, H. & McIntyre, A. (1977). Modern coccolithophores of the Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Micropaleontology. 23(1): 1-55. gs

Reid, F. M. H. (1980). Coccolithophorids of the North Pacific Central Gyre with notes on their vertical and seasonal distribution. Micropaleontology. 26(2): 151-176. gs

Skejic, S., et al. (2018). Coccolithophore diversity in open waters of the middle Adriatic Sea in pre- T and post-winter periods. Marine Micropaleontology. 143(1): 30-45. gs

Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Probert, I. & Ostergaard, J. B. (2003). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. S1: 1-132. gs

Syracosphaera pulchra HOL oblonga type

References:

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