Catalog - Globigerina ciperoensis

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Globigerina ciperoensis

Citation: Globigerina ciperoensis Bolli 1954

Type specimens: Holotype - Cushman and Stainforth, 1945, pl. 13, fig. 1a-b. Text figures: p. 2, figs. 3, 3a, 4, 4a-b, 5, 5a-b, 6, X 50]:

Fig. 3, holotype (after Cushman and Stainforth, 1945);
Fig. 4, drawing of additional specimen
Fig. 5, after Nuttall (1932);
Fig. 6, after Franklin (1944).

Type age (chronostrat): Holotype (fig. 1a-b and tf. 3-3a) and figured specimen (tf. 4, 4a-b) from the Lower Oligocene, Cipero formation, Globigerina ciperoensis zone; marl. Other figured specimens from the Lower Oligocene, Alazan formation, shale (tf. 5, 5a-b), and Carapita formation, sandstone and shale (tf. 6).

Type locality: Holotype (fig. 1a-b and tf. 3-3a) and figured specimen (tf. 4, 4a-b) from the northern end of the Cipero Coast, south of San Fernando, Trinidad, B.W.I. Other figured specimens from western Asuncion, Mexico (tf. 5, 5a-b), and from outcrops in the vicinity of Rio Oregano, northeastern Venezuela (tf. 6).

Test low to medium trochoid, last whorl consisting of five chambers, the first one often only partly visible from the umbilical side. Chambers globular, greatly increasing in size. Wall finely spinose. Large umbilicus with apertures of each chamber opening into it.

[FROM THE INTRODUCTION]
"Reuss described and figured under the name Globigerina concinna a Globigerina of 0.5-0.6 mm. diameter with a five-chambered whorl surrounding a wide open umbilicus. The material originated from Grinzing near Vienna, the age being given as Tertiary.

"According to a letter received from Grill !(ienna), most of Reuss' original material - including Globigerina concinna - can no longer be located and must, therefore, be considered lost. A direct comparison of species of Globigerina believed to be identical with Reuss' original Globigerina concinna (the only way to arrive at reliable determinations) is thus no longer possible. Dr. Grill also states in his letter that the 'Tegel' of Grinzing, from which Reuss' Globigerina concinna appears to originate, is Tortonian !Upper Miocene) in age.

"Globigerina concinna has been cited by various subsequent authors as occurring in beds ranging from the Lower Oligocene to Recent. Some of these references follow:

"In Trinidad, B.W.I., a Globigerina cf. concinna has been described from the lower part of the Cipero formation (Lower Oligocene) by Cushman and Stainforth, 1945 (loc. cit.). It is known there to have a very limited range and is thus useful as an excellent stratigraphic marker. This Lower Oligocene Globigerina and probably some others from the Pliocene and Recent described under the name of Globigerina concinna possibly are homonymous.

"As far as can be judged from Reuss' figures there are certain morphological affinities between his Upper Miocene form and the Lower Oligocene specimens from Trinidad. Both display a wide, open umbilicus, surrounded by five chambers. The chambers of the Miocene type, however, increase in size more rapidly than in the Oligocene one. Further, the size of 0.5-0.6 mm. as given by Reuss varies considerably from the Lower Oligocene Trinidadian forms (which vary between only 0.3-0.4 mm.). Reuss' size range has been observed in specimens which are apparently identical with the original material from the Badener Tegel, Soos, near Baden, Austria. In addition, Globigerina cf. concinna known to be restricted to the Lower Oligocene of Trinidad has apparently no direct phylogenetic relations with the species described by Reuss from the Upper Miocene. Based on the above-mentioned observations, a new species, Globigerina ciperoensis, is therefore proposed for the Lower Oligocene form:

[DISCUSSION FOLLOWING THE ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION:]
"No direct comparison with the Lower Oligocene forms described by Nuttall, 1932 (loc. cit.), and Franklin, 1944 (loc. cit.), as Globigerina concinna has been made, but from the stratigraphic position and figures given it appears most likely that the forms are synonymous with Globigerina ciperoensis from Trinidad.

"The writer is pleased to mention that his observations on the Lower Oligocene form have been confirmed by Bermudez (Caracas), who, according to a letter dated July 30, 1953, independently arrived at the same conclusions.
"Globigerina concinna Reuss, described and figured by Marks (1951, Cushman Found. Foram. Res., Contr., vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 70, pl. 8, fig. 6) from the Miocene of the Vienna Basin, is probably identical with Reuss' form. Galloway and Wissler (1927, Jour. Pal., vol. 1, no. 1, p. 41, pl. 7, fig. 7) described a Globigerina concinna from the Pleistocene of California. This form is considerably smaller (0.2 mm.) than the original of Reuss (0.5-0.6 mm.), either a dwarfed or juvenile or more likely a different species.
"The umbilical view only of a Globigerina concinna from the Pliocene of Panama is given by Coryell and Mossman (1942 , Jour. Pal., val. 16, no. 2, p. 238, pl. 36, fig. 27). The size of 0.45 mm. conforms approximately with Reuss' original, but the chambers appear to be less globular and lobate, and the umbilicus 1s not so open or wide.
"Colom, 1952 (Inst. Espanol Oceanogr. , Bol., no. 51 [pp. 10, 40-41, pl. 8, figs. 22-36]) described a recent form of Globigerina concinna from the coast of Galicia [northwestern Spain] in which the figures deviate considerably from those of Reuss. He is, however, now of the opinion that his determination as Globigerina concinna can not be maintained (personal communication).
"Based on the present state of knowledge regarding the short life ranges of most Globigerina species the following conclusions are reached: 1) the type species, Globigerina concinna Reuss, 1850, is no longer accessible for comparative purposes; 2) the dorsal and ventral views of this species as illustrated by Reuss are possibly conventionalized, therefore all Globigerina concinna determinations in beds other than Miocene should be regarded with doubt."

TYPE LEVEL: Holotype (fig. 1a-b and tf. 3-3a) and figured specimen (tf. 4, 4a-b) from the Lower Oligocene, Cipero formation, Globigerina ciperoensis zone; marl. Other figured specimens from the Lower Oligocene, Alazan formation, shale (tf. 5, 5a-b), and Carapita formation, sandstone and shale (tf. 6).

References:

Bolli, H. M. (1954). Note on Globigerina concinna Reuss 1850. Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. 5(1): 1-3. gs V O

Bolli, H. M. (1957b). Planktonic foraminifera from the Oligocene-Miocene Cipero and Lengua formations of Trinidad, B.W.I. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli & E. Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 97-123. gs V O

Cushman, J. A. & Stainforth, R. M. (1945). The foraminifera of the Cipero Marl Formation of Trinidad, British West Indies. Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 14: 1-75. gs

Franklin, E. S. (1944). Microfauna from the Carapita Formation of Venezuela. Journal of Paleontology. 18: 301-319. gs

Nuttall, W. L. F. (1932). Lower Oligocene Foraminifera from Mexico. Journal of Paleontology. 6: 3-35. gs

Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Coxall, H. K. & Wade, B. S. (2018). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Oligocene Ciperoella. In, Wade, B. S., Olsson, R. K., Pearson, P. N., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Oligocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication . 46(Chap 7): 215-230. gs V O

CATALOG OF ORIGINAL DESCRIPTIONS: Globigerina ciperoensis Bolli 1954

Globigerina ciperoensis

References:

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