pforams@mikrotax - Clavigerinella eocanica

Citation: Clavigerinella eocanica (Nuttall 1928)

Basionym: Hastigerinella eocanica

Synonyms:

Hastigerinella eocanica Nuttall, 1928:376, pl. 50: figs. 9-11 [upper Eocene, Uzpanapa River, Mexico].—Saito and others, 1976:292, pl. 3: figs. 3a-c [middle Eocene, DSDP Hole 21A, South Atlantic Ocean].
Clavigerinella eocanica eocanica (Nuttall).—Blow, 1979:1198-1203, pl. 151: figs. 1-3; pl. 157: fig. 9; pl. 162: figs. 1-3, 5-7 [Zone P9-P10, Kane 9-C Piston Core, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean].— Toumarkine and Luterbacher, 1985:119, pl. 22; figs. 2-3 [middle Eocene Morozovella lehneri Zone, El Datil Fm., Margarita, Venezuela].
Clavigerinella cf. eocanica (Nuttall) (sensu lato).—Blow, 1979:1202-1203, pl. 151: fig. 4; pl. 157: fig. 8 [Zone P9-P10, Kane 9-C Piston Core, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean].
Clavigerinella eocanica (Nuttall).—Pearson and others, 1993:128, pl. 3: figs. 14, 16 [Middle Eocene Zone P11-P12, DSDP Site 523, Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean].—Coxall and others, 2003:238, pl. 1: figs. 9-14 [lower middle Eocene Zone P10, ODP Site 865, equatorial Pacific Ocean].
Clavigerinella cf. akersi Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan.—Bolli, 1957:162, pl. 35: fig. 3a-b [Hantkenina aragonensis zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]. [Not Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan, 1957.]
Clavigerinella jarvisi (Cushman). —Postuma, 1971:132, pl. on p. 133, 4 specimens, right hand column [middle Eocene Globorotalia bullbrooki Zone to Globigerapsis kugleri Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]. [Not Cushman, 1930.]
Eoclavatorella benidormensis Cremades Campos, 1980:209, pl. 257: figs. 1-3 [lower Eocene, Alicante Province, Spain].

Taxonomic discussion: Toumarkine and Luterbacher (1985) designated the specimen figured by Nuttall (1928) pl. 50: fig. 9 as the lectotype from three original illustrated cotypes. On recent examination of Nuttall’s Hastigerinella eocanica ( =Clavigerinella eocanica) cotype suite in the USNM collection (11 in total), however, no specimen could be found that exactly matched this illustration, although two are very similar (i.e., same number, orientation and length of chambers). Either the actual figured specimen is lost or the illustration is inaccurate. The SEM image illustrated as the probable lectotype of C. eocanica in this work (Pl.8.1, Figs. 10, 11) is the closest match among Nuttall’s cotypes to the illustration of the lectotype figured by Toumarkine and Luterbacher (1985). [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Clavigerinella): Final chambers clavate.
This taxon: Final chambers smoothly rounded, clavate

Description

Planispiral or pseudoplanispiral, evolute, laterally compressed biumbilicate or showing a subtly raised spiral side and very shallow umbilicus; 4-4½ rapidly enlarging chambers in the final whorl; early chambers rounded, final 2-3 adult chambers conspicuously elongated in to club-shaped (clavate) extensions; highly lobular peripheral outline; distal chamber ends smoothly rounded; equatorial high arched aperture, symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical, bordered by a smooth broad imperforate lip, relict apertural lips often present along sutures; sutures are shallow, straight, becoming curved in later stages, short relative to total chamber length. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Usually smooth, normal perforate, sometimes weakly cancellate; possibly spinose. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Maximum diameter 300-800 µm. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Clavigerinella eocanica is the most commonly encountered species of the genus and has been found in open ocean as well as marginal settings worldwide at mid-low latitudes. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 summary: Low to middle latitudes; based on Coxall & Pearson (2006)

Clavigerinella eocanica has high δ18O and low δ13C indicating that it lived in a cold, deep possibly subthermocline habitat (Pearson and others, 1993; Coxall and others, 2000). [Coxall & Pearson 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 4 - Open ocean sub-thermocline. Based on very light _¹³C and very heavy _¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Pearson et al. (1993); Coxall et al. (2000)

This species evolved from Parasubbotina eoclava in Zone E7 by elongation of the chambers and lowering of the coil height to form a planispiral. It diversified shortly after its origin to produce a series of morphotypes including C. caucasica, which was the ancestor of Hantkenina. Detailed understanding of the relationship between C. eocanica and other clavigerinellids is lacking because of their sporadic geographic and stratigraphic occurrence. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: Upper Zone E7 to E16. This species is most characteristic of the lower middle Eocene, but has been observed ranging into the upper Eocene (Pearson and Chaisson, 1997). [Coxall & Pearson 2006]
Last occurrence (top): in mid part of E16 zone (50% up, 34.3Ma, in Priabonian stage). Data source: Coxall & Pearson (2006), fig 8.1
First occurrence (base): in upper part of E7a subzone (60% up, 49.1Ma, in Ypresian stage). Data source: Coxall & Pearson (2006), fig 8.1

Primary source for this page: Coxall & Pearson 2006 - Eocene Atlas, chap. 8, p. 222

References:

Blow, W. H. (1979). The Cainozoic Globigerinida: A study of the morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphical distribution of some Globigerinida (mainly Globigerinacea). E. J. Brill, Leiden. 2: 1-1413. gs

Bolli, H. M. (1957a). Planktonic foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 155-172. gs

Coxall, H. K. & Pearson, P. N. (2006). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of the Hantkeninidae (Clavigerinella, Hantkenina and Cribrohantkenina). In, Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication . 41(Chap 8): 213-256. gs O

Coxall, H. K., Pearson, P. N., Shackleton, N. J. & Hall, M. A. (2000). Hantkeninid depth adaptation: An evolving life strategy in a changing ocean. Geology. 28: 87-90. gs

Coxall, H. K., Huber, B. T. & Pearson, P. N. (2003). Origin and morphology of the Eocene planktonic foraminifera Hantkenina. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 33: 237-261. gs

Cremades Campos, J. (1980). Eoclavatorella; nuevo genero de foraminifero planctonico del Eoceno inferior. Cuadernos de Geologia, Universidad de Granada. 11: 209-214. gs

Cushman, J. A. (1930). Fossil species of Hastigerinella. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research. 6(1): 17-19. gs

Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (1957b). Planktonic foraminifera of Paleocene and early Eocene Age from the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 173-198. gs

Nuttall, W. L. F. (1928). Notes on the Tertiary Foraminifera of Southern Mexico. Journal of Paleontology. 2(4): 375-376. gs

Pearson, P. N. & Chaisson, W. P. (1997). Late Paleocene to middle Miocene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy, Ceara Rise. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 154: 33-68. gs

Pearson, P. N., Shackleton, N. J. & Hall, M. A. (1993). Stable isotope paleoecology of middle Eocene planktonic foraminifera and multi-species isotope stratigraphy, DSDP Site 523, South Atlantic. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 23: 123-140. gs

Saito, T., Thompson, P. R. & Breger, D. (1976). Skeletal ultra-microstructure of some elongate-chambered planktonic foraminifera and related species. In, Takayanagi, Y. & Saito, T. (eds) Progress in Micropaleontology, Special Publication. Micropaleontology Press, The American Museum of Natural History, New York 278-304. gs

Toumarkine, M. & Luterbacher, H. (1985). Paleocene and Eocene planktic foraminifera. In, Bolli, H. M., Saunders, J. B. & Perch-Neilsen, K. (eds) Plankton Stratigraphy. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge 87-154. gs

test outline:	Stellate	chamber arrangement:	Pseudoplanispiral	edge view:	Hourglass	aperture:	Equatorial
sp chamber shape:	Elongate	coiling axis:	N/A	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	Thick lip
umb chbr shape:	Elongate	umbilicus:	Wide	periph margin shape:	Narrowly rounded	accessory apertures:	Relict
spiral sutures:	Moderately depressed	umb depth:	Shallow	wall texture:	Cancellate	shell porosity:	Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Moderately depressed	final-whorl chambers:	4-4.5	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Clavigerinella eocanica

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References:

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