pforams@mikrotax - Hantkenina liebusi

Citation: Hantkenina liebusi Shokhina 1937

Synonyms:

Siderolina kochi Hantken, 1875:79, pl. l6: fig. 1 [upper Eocene, Clavulina -szaboi beds, Porva, Hungary].
Pullenia kochi Liebus, 1911:942, pl. 11: figs. 9-10 [middle Eocene, Yugoslavia].
Hantkenina kochi (Hantken).—Cushman, 1924: 2, (re-illustration from Hantken, 1875): pl. 2: figs. 1a-c.
?Hantkenina longispina Cushman, 1924:2, pl. 2: fig. 4 [Eocene, Rio Tuxpan, Tierra Colorado, Mexico].—Rey, 1939:323, pl. 22: 1-2 [middle Eocene, Lute_tien supe_rior, Nummulitique de Rharb, Morocco].—Stainforth and others, 1975:203, pl. 64: figs. 1-6 [figs. 4-6, northeastern Gulf of Mexico].
Hantkenina liebusi Shokhina, 1937:427, pl. 2: figs. 2-3 [middle Eocene, Ilskaya, northern Caucasus, Russia].— Subbotina, 1953:148, pl. 1: fig. 11 [middle Eocene, northern Caucasus, Russia].—Pearson and others, 1993:128, pl. 3: fig. 10 [middle Eocene, Zones P11-P12, ODP Site 523, south Atlantic Ocean].
Hantkenina (Applinella) liebusi Shokhina.—Thalmann, 1942:812 (listed only).—Brönnimann 1950:410, pl. 56: figs. 1, 2, 18, 19, 22, 23 [upper Eocene, San Fernando Gp., Hospital Hill Fm., Trinidad].
Hantkenina (Aragonella) liebusi Shokhina.—Ramsay, 1962:83, pl. 16: figs. 6-7 [middle Eocene, Kilwa Masoko area, Tanzania].
Hantkenina cf. liebusi Shokhina.—Raju, 1968:290, pl. 1: fig. 6 [Globigerina frontosa zone, Karaikal, Cauvery Basin, southern India].
Hantkenina (Aragonella) aff. mexicana Cushman.— Brönnimann, 1950:407, pl. 55: figs. 9-10, 14 [lower and middle Eocene, fig. 9, Oceanic Fm., Barbados; fig. 10, Navet Fm., San Fernando, Trinidad; fig. 14, Navet Fm., Trinidad]. [Not Cushman, 1924.]
Hantkenina (Applinella) trinitatensis Brönnimann, 1950:410, pl. 56: fig. 17 [upper Eocene Hospital Hill Fm., Trinidad].

Taxonomic discussion: The first Hantkenina to be illustrated was Hantken’s ‘Siderolina kochi’. This may be a prior synonym for H. liebusi but the type specimen is lost and the original illustration is not definitive. When Shokhina (1937) described H. liebusi she specifically rejected Hantken’s figure as belonging to the same species. Although Shokhina’s specimens are also lost, she illustrated the morphology quite clearly and it is possible to make an almost exact match with specimens from the middle Eocene (see Plate 8.9) which is the level from which Shokhina described her species. The holotype of H. longispina Cushman resembles Shokhina’s illustrations of H. liebusi and may be a prior synonym. It has not been possible to compare the type specimens of these taxa because Shokhina’s H. liebusi material is unavailable for study and the type specimen of H. longispina is missing from the USNM collections. Moreover, H. longispina has been used indiscriminately for a variety of only distantly related Hantkenina morphotypes with ‘long’ tubulospines. Although the name H. longispina cannot be rejected on the grounds that it is an inappropriate name (ICZN, 1999, Art. 23.3.7), in an attempt to avoid further taxonomic confusion, and because the type specimen of H. longispina is lost, we propose that the name H. longispina be suppressed and H. liebusi adopted as the valid name for these middle Eocene morphotypes. Shokhina illustrated a large number of H. liebusi syntypes that clearly represent the range of morphology exhibited by this taxon. Since no holotype was designated we herein select Shokhina’s (1937) text-fig. 2 as the lectotype of H. liebusi and text fig. 8 as the paralectotype (Pl.8.9, Figs. 1-2). Blow (1979) did not recognise H. liebusi and instead assigned Shokhina’s (1937) morphotypes either to H. mexicana sensu lato or H. dumblei. We consider H. liebusi to be a useful species that is morphologically and stratigraphically intermediate between H. mexicana and H. dumblei. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Hantkenina): Final chambers with tubulospines
This taxon: Like H. mexicana but with more compressed test, less stellate peripheral outline, and tubulospines in a more forward position. 4½-6 chambers in the final whorl.

Description

Planispiral, involute, biumbilicate and laterally compressed; 4-6 subtriangular chambers in the adult whorl, somewhat appressed, increasing rapidly in size as added; peripheral outline (excluding tubulospines) is slightly lobulate with minor incisions between chambers; each chamber of the final whorl extends into a hollow tubulospine; aperture is a narrow, elongated equatorial arch bordered by an imperforate lip that extends about two thirds up the apertural face, lip is often crenulated and/or pustulose along its margin; sutures are depressed, straight, becoming curved to slightly sigmoidal, remnants of earlier apertural lips are sometimes present along the sutures; tubulospines are constricted at the base, stout on early adult chambers, longer and more slender in final chambers, directed radially, positioned close to or at the anterior chamber suture, long posterior chamber shoulder and a minor or nonexistent anterior shoulder, terminating in finger-like projections (coronet structure of Ramsay, 1962) or tapering to a point, often with a tiny circular terminal aperture. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Smooth, normal perforate probably nonspinose; tubulospines smooth or with spiral rifling, imperforate or perforated by small sparsely distributed pores with a well-defined zone of demarcation between the tubulospines and the chamber wall. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Maximum shell diameter (excluding tubulospines) 0.48 mm (Shokhina, 1937). [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Global distribution in the mid to low latitudes. Absent from high southern or northern latitudes (Stott and Kennett, 1990; Huber, 1991). [Coxall & Pearson 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 summary: Low to middle latitudes; based on Coxall & Pearson (2006)

Hantkenina liebusi has more positive δ18O and negative δ13C than Morozovelloides and has a similar isotopic signature to Turborotalia frontosa suggesting a relatively cold, deep habitat (Pearson et al, 1993, 2001; Coxall and others, 2000). [Coxall & Pearson 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 4 - Open ocean sub-thermocline. Based on very light _¹³C and very heavy _¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Pearson et al. (1993, 2001a); Coxall et al. (2000)

Hantkenina liebusi evolved from H. mexicana by forward progression of the tubulospine and closer appression of the chambers. It gave rise to H. lehneri and H. dumblei
by radial increase in chamber length and relaxation of the coiling to increase the number of chambers. In H. lehneri the chambers became elongate and the stellate peripheral outline was retained, whereas in H. dumblei the tubulospines moved forwards to span the anterior suture, and the periphery was smoothed. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: Middle Eocene Zones mid E8 to basal E13. [Coxall & Pearson 2006]
Last occurrence (top): in lower part of E13 zone (20% up, 39.6Ma, in Bartonian stage). Data source: Coxall & Pearson (2006) fig 8.1
First occurrence (base): in lower part of E9 zone (20% up, 43.7Ma, in Lutetian stage). Data source: Wade et al. (2011), fig. 6

Primary source for this page: Coxall & Pearson 2006 - Eocene Atlas, chap. 8, p. 238

References:

Blow, W. H. (1979). The Cainozoic Globigerinida: A study of the morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphical distribution of some Globigerinida (mainly Globigerinacea). E. J. Brill, Leiden. 2: 1-1413. gs

Brönnimann, P. (1950b). The Genus Hantkenina Cushman in Trinidad and Barbados, B. W. I. Journal of Paleontology. 24(4): 397-420. gs

Coxall, H. K. & Pearson, P. N. (2006). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of the Hantkeninidae (Clavigerinella, Hantkenina and Cribrohantkenina). In, Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication . 41(Chap 8): 213-256. gs O

Coxall, H. K., Pearson, P. N., Shackleton, N. J. & Hall, M. A. (2000). Hantkeninid depth adaptation: An evolving life strategy in a changing ocean. Geology. 28: 87-90. gs

Hantken, M. , von (1875). Die fauna der Clavulina szaboi-schichten. 1. Teil: Foraminifera. Mitteilungen aus dem Jahrbuch der ungarischen Geologischen Anstaalt, Budapest. 4: 1-93. gs

Huber, B. T. (1991c). Paleogene and Early Neogene Planktonic Foraminifer Biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Indian Ocean). Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 119: 427-449. gs

Liebus, A. (1911). Die foraminiferen fauna der mitteleocaenen Mergle von Norddal matlen. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. 120: 805-956. gs

Pearson, P. N., Shackleton, N. J. & Hall, M. A. (1993). Stable isotope paleoecology of middle Eocene planktonic foraminifera and multi-species isotope stratigraphy, DSDP Site 523, South Atlantic. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 23: 123-140. gs

Raju, D. S. N. (1968). Eocene-Oligocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of Cauvery Basin, South India. Memoir of the Geological Society of India. 2: 286-299. gs

Ramsay, W. R. (1962). Hantkeninidae in the Tertiary rocks of Tanganyika. Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. 13(3): 79-89. gs

Rey, M. (1939). Distribution stratigraphique des Hantkenina dans le Nummulitique du Rharb (Maroc). Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France. 5: 321-341. gs

Shokhina, V. A. (1937). The genus Hantkenina and its stratigraphical distribution in the north Caucasus. Problemy Paleontologii, Paleontologicheskay Laboratoriya Moskovskogo Universiteta. 425-441. gs

Stainforth, R. M., Lamb, J. L., Luterbacher, H., Beard, J. H. & Jeffords, R. M. (1975). Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and characteristics of index forms. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Articles. 62: 1-425. gs O

Stott, L. D. & Kennett, J. P. (1990). The Paleoceanographic and Paleoclimatic signature of the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary in the Antarctic: Stable isotopic results from ODP Leg 113. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 113: 829-848. gs

Thalmann, H. E. (1942). Foraminiferal genus Hantkenina and its subgenera. American Journal of Science. 240: 809-820. gs

test outline:	Lobate	chamber arrangement:	Planispiral	edge view:	Compressed	aperture:	Equatorial
sp chamber shape:	Subrectangular	coiling axis:	N/A	periphery:	Tubulospines	aperture border:	Thin lip
umb chbr shape:	Subtriangular	umbilicus:	Wide	periph margin shape:	Subangular	accessory apertures:	None
spiral sutures:	Moderately depressed	umb depth:	Shallow	wall texture:	Smooth	shell porosity:	Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Moderately depressed	final-whorl chambers:	4-6	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Hantkenina liebusi

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References:

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