pforams@mikrotax - Subbotina roesnaesensis

Citation: Subbotina roesnaesensis Olsson & Berggren, in Olsson et al. 2006

Basionym: Subbotina roesnaesensis

Synonyms:

Globigerina eocaenica var. eocaenica Terquem. —Subbotina 1953:80,81, pl. 11, figs. 8a-c (partim; not pl. 11, figs. 10a-11c) [lower Eocene Zone of compressed Globorotalia, North Caucasus]; figs. 9a-c [lower Eocene Zone of conical globorotaliids, Khieu River section, Nal’chik, North Caucasus]. [Not Terquem, 1882.]
Subbotina eocaenica? (Terquem).—Blow, 1979:1260-1262, pl. 142, figs. 4,5 [lower Eocene Zone E6 of Blow, DSDP Hole 20C, South Atlantic Ocean]; pl. 153, fig. 9 [lower Eocene Zone P9, piston core, KANE 9, core 42, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean]; pl. 160, fig. 1, [middle Eocene, Zone E8, piston core, KANE 9, core 42, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean]. [Not Terquem, 1882.]
Globigerina yeguaensis Weinzierl and Applin.—Berggren, 1960:73-83 (partim, not pl. 2, figs. 2a-4c; pl. 3, fig. 1a-c, 3a-c; pl. 8, figs. 2a-5c.) , pl. 2, figs. 1a-4c; pl. 3, figs. 1a-3c; pl. 4, figs. 1a-2c; pl. 8, figs. 1a-5c; text-fig. 11 [lower Eocene Zone NP12,Ypresian Stage, Røsnaes Clay Fm., Røgle Klint, Jutland, Denmark]; pl. 2, fig. 1a-c; pl. 3, fig. 2a-c; pl. 8, fig. 1a-c [lower Eocene, Røsnaes Clay, Røgle Klint, Denmark], pl. 4, figs. 1a-2c [lower Eocene, Hollbecker Berg, northwestern Germany]; pl. 2, figs. 3a-4c; pl. 8, fig. 4 [lower Eocene, “Tarras” at Katharinenhof, Fehmarn, northwest Germany]; pl. 4, figs. 1a-2c [lower Eocene 3 at Hollbecker Berg, northwest Germany]. [Not Weinzierl and Applin, 1929.]
Subbotina sp._Blow, 1979:1260, pl. 158: fig. 5 [given as Subbotina sp. ex interc Subbotina eocaenica? (Terquem) and S. frontosa frontosa (Subbotina)] [middle Eocene Zone E8, piston core, KANE 9, core 42, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean].
Globigerina patagonica Todd and Kniker.—Murray, Curry, Haynes and King, 1989:260 (partim; not pl. 10.10, figs. 10-12 = reillustration of 1981, pl. 8.10, figs. 8-10.), pl. 8.10, figs. 6-8 [lower Eocene Ypresian Stage, London Clay Fm., Essex, UK]. [Not Todd and Kniker, 1952.] Subbotina patagonica (Todd and Kniker)._Berggren 1992:563, pl. 2, fig. 16 [lower Eocene Zone E7, ODP Hole 120, Kerguelen Plateau, South Indian Ocean].— Lu and Keller, 1995:102, pl. 5: figs. 12-14 [lower Eocene, DSDP Site 577, Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean]. _Warraich and others, 2000:299, fig. 18: 4, 5, 11 [Zone E5, Dungan Fm., Sulaiman Range, Pakistan] ._Warraich and Ogasawara, 2001:48, fig. 13: 4, 8, 12 (reillustration of Warraich and others, 2000, fig. 18: 4, 5, 11). [Not Todd and Kniker, 1952.]
Subbotina velascoensis (Cushman)._Huber, 1991:441, pl. 4: Figs. 11, 12 [upper Paleocene Zone AP5, ODP Hole 738C, Kerguelen Plateau, southern Indian Ocean]. [Not Cushman, 1925.]

Taxonomic discussion: Berggren (1960, text-fig. 8) illustrated a group of “globigerinid” (vel subbotinid) morphotypes in the lower Eocene Røsnaes Clay Formation of Denmark which exhibited a large degree of variation in the arrangement of chambers in the final whorl and the position of the aperture. Similar variation was observed in ‘globigerinids’/subbotinids from equivalent stratigraphic levels in California and in the Caucasus, and this variation was ascribed to intraspecific variation within a single taxon (and subsequently examined quantitatively by Berggren and Kurte½n,1961). This is consistent with our understanding of the morphologic plasticity among living planktonic foraminifera (Hemleben and others, 1989).
This taxon has probably been described and/or recorded under a variety of names and guises in the literature, particularly in the former Soviet Union (for a thorough discussion of the taxonomy of this group see Berggren and Norris, 1997: 46). With the recognition here that the typical patagonica of Todd and Kniker, 1952 possesses a wall texture different (symmetric, coarsely cancellate) from forms that have been ascribed to that species for the past 30 years, it has become necessary to designate a new name - roesnaesensis (which has an asymmetric ruber-wall texture) for them. However, although the illustrations by Shutskaya (1970) of a variable group of subbotinids (Globigerina hevensis, Globigerina rotundaenana, Globigerina elongata, Globigerina contorta, Globigerina sp. 1, Globigerina sp. 2, Globigerina ex. gr. eocaenica) from the Caucasus included by Berggren and Norris (1997) under the name patagonica are generally of high quality, it is not possible to determine whether the different morphotypes consistently possess the asymmetric ruber wall texture for which we have chosen the new name roesnaesensis. For this reason we have refrained from choosing a name for this taxon from among the various morphotypes described by Shutskaya (1970). See Berggren and Norris (1997, p. 45) for further discussion of the possible synonymy of other species. [Olsson et al. 2006]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Subbotina): Low trochospiral, tripartite test, with 3-4 rapidly inflating, globular chambers in final whorl. Umbilicus nearly closed by tight coiling. Wall cancellate with spines at nodes of the ridges, +/- spine collars.
This taxon: Very low trochospiral, lobulate test with 3½-4 rapidly enlarging, ovoid-shaped, loosely embracing chambers, and ruber-type wall texture.

Description

Type of wall: Normal perforate, spinose, ruber-type wall texture.
Test morphology: Test tripartite, relatively large (0.3-0.55 mm in diameter), very low trochospiral, globular, lobulate in outline, chambers globular, ovoid in shape, wider than high, loosely embracing; in spiral view 3-4 ovoid, loosely embracing chambers in ultimate whorl, increasing rapidly in size, sutures strongly depressed, gently curved on umbilical and spiral sides of the test, ultimate chamber varies in size from reduced to large; in umbilical view 3½-4 globular, loosely embracing chambers, increasing rapidly in size, sutures strongly depressed, straight, umbilicus a fairly large opening, aperture umbilical, a low arch, bordered by a narrow lip that may vary slightly in width, and which is in some instances recessed under a pronounced overhang of the final chamber, ultimate chamber varies in size from reduced to large; in edge view chambers globular in shape, embracing. [Olsson et al. 2006]

Maximum diameter of holotype 0.32 mm, thickness 0.23 mm.

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Global in low-to mid latitudes. It occurs in “floods” in Zone E5 (=NP12) in the lower Eocene of California, Denmark, the London Clay of England, in the Nummulites planulatus Sands of Belgium and in the “red clay” facies in the (otherwise flysch-like) sediments of the Hordaland Group, North Sea (where it has been recorded under the name Globigerina ex gr. linaperta by King, 1983 and Murray and others, 1989). In Egypt, this form occurs in the uppermost Paleocene (Zone P5) and lower Eocene (Zones E3-6) of the Esna Shale Formation where it disappears locally during the brief, extreme warmth of the PETM interval. In the Bass River section of coastal plain New Jersey this form has its first occurrence within the PETM. [Olsson et al. 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 summary: Low to middle latitudes; based on Olsson et al. (2006a)

No data available. [Olsson et al. 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 3 - Open ocean thermocline. Based on light _¹³C and relatively heavy _¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Coxall et al. (2000)

Subbotina roesnaesensis is derived from Subbotina triangularis (White) in Zone P5. Blow (1979, p. 1261) believed that his morphospecies (Blow’s Subbotina eocaenica? Terquem = S. roesnaesensis Olsson and Berggren n. sp.) represented direct ancestry of Subbotina frontosa (Subbotina) through the concomitant increase in size of the last chamber and lateral translation of a higher arched aperture to a more peripheral position. However, the species frontosa, here placed in Turborotalia, is a nonspinose form unrelated to S. roesnaesensis (see discussion under Turborotalia frontosa). Nevertheless, S. roesnaesensis is regarded as the stem species for the radiation of many middle Eocene species of Subbotina (Fig. 6.2). [Olsson et al. 2006]

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: Zone P5 (lower part) to Zone E10. [Olsson et al. 2006]
Last occurrence (top): within E10 zone (41.89-43.23Ma, top in Lutetian stage). Data source: Eocene Atlas
First occurrence (base): within P5 zone (55.96-57.10Ma, base in Thanetian stage). Data source: Eocene Atlas

Primary source for this page: Olsson et al. 2006 - Eocene Atlas, chap. 6, p. 157

References:

Berggren, W. A. & Norris, R. D. (1997). Biostratigraphy, phylogeny and systematics of Paleocene trochospiral planktonic foraminifera. Micropaleontology. 43(supplement 1): 1-116. gs

Berggren, W. A. (1960). Some planktonic foraminifera from the Lower Eocene (Ypresian) of Denmark and northwestern Germany. Stockholm Contributions in Geology. 5: 41-108. gs

Berggren, W. A. (1992). Paleogene planktonic foraminifer magnetobiostratigraphy of the southern Kerguelen Plateau (sites 747-749). Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 120: 551-568. gs

Blow, W. H. (1979). The Cainozoic Globigerinida: A study of the morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphical distribution of some Globigerinida (mainly Globigerinacea). E. J. Brill, Leiden. 2: 1-1413. gs

Cushman, J. A. (1925e). Some new foraminifera from the Velasco shale of Mexico. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research. 1(1): 18-23. gs

Hemleben, C., Spindler, M. & Anderson, O. (1989). Modern Planktonic Foraminifera. Springer-Verlag, New York. -. gs

Huber, B. T. (1991c). Paleogene and Early Neogene Planktonic Foraminifer Biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Indian Ocean). Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 119: 427-449. gs

King, C. (1983). Cainozoic micropalaeontological biostratigraphy of the North Sea:. Report of the Institute of Geological Sciences. 87: 1-40. gs

Lu, G. & Keller, G. (1995). Planktic foraminiferal faunal turnovers in the subtropical Pacific during the Late Paleocene to Early Eocene. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 25: 97-116. gs

Murray, J. W., Curry, D., Haynes, J. R. & King, C. (1989). Palaeogene. In, Jenkins, D. G. & Murray, J. W. (eds) Stratigraphical Atlas of Fossil Foraminifera. Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester 228-267. gs

Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (2006a). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Eocene Globigerina, Globoturborotalita, Subbotina, and Turborotalita. In, Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication . 41(Chap 6): 111-168. gs O

Olsson, R. K., Pearson, P. N. & Huber, B. T. (2006c). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Eocene Catapsydrax, Globorotaloides, Guembelitrioides, Paragloborotalia, Parasubbotina, and Pseudoglobigerinella n. gen. In, Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication . 41(Chap 5): 67-110. gs O

Terquem, O. (1882). Les foraminiferes de l’Eocene des environs de Paris. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France. 2(3): 1-193. gs O

Todd, R. & Kniker, H. T. (1952). An Eocene foraminiferal fauna from the Agua Fresca shale of Magallanes Province, southernmost Chile. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. no. 1: 1-28. gs

Warraich, M. Y. & Ogasawara, K. (2001). Tethyan Paleocene-Eocene planktic foraminifera from the Rakhi Nala and Zinda Pir land sections of the Sulaiman Range, Pakistan. Science Reports of the Institute of Geosciences, University of Tsukuba. 22: 1-59. gs

Warraich, M. Y., Ogasawara, K. & Nishi, H. (2000). Late Paleocene to early Eocene planktic foraminiferal blostratigraphy of the Dungan Formation, Sulaiman Range, central Pakistan. Paleontological Research, Tokyo. 4(4): 275-301, 218 figures, 273 aendices. gs

Weinzierl, L. L. & Applin, E. R. (1929). The Claiborne Formation on the Coastal Domes. Journal of Paleontology. 3(4): 384-410. gs

test outline:	Lobate	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Equally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical
sp chamber shape:	Globular	coiling axis:	Low	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	Thin lip
umb chbr shape:	Globular	umbilicus:	Narrow	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	None
spiral sutures:	Moderately depressed	umb depth:	Deep	wall texture:	Spinose	shell porosity:	Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Moderately depressed	final-whorl chambers:	3.5-4	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable