pforams@mikrotax - Subbotina velascoensis

pforams@mikrotax - Subbotina velascoensis pforams@mikrotax - Subbotina velascoensis

Subbotina velascoensis

Classification: pf_cenozoic -> Globigerinidae -> Subbotina -> Subbotina velascoensis
Sister taxa: S. projecta, S. tecta, S. jacksonensis, S. corpulenta, S. eocaena, S. gortanii, S. crociapertura, S. yeguaensis, S. senni, S. roesnaesensis ⟩⟨ S. utilisindex, S. angiporoides, S. minima, S. linaperta, S. patagonica ⟩⟨ S. cancellata, S. hornibrooki, S. velascoensis, S. triloculinoides, S. triangularis, S. trivialis, S. sp.

Olsson_etal_99_pl29_f01_f03-4.jpg
Olsson_etal_99_pl29_f02_f08-9_f12.jpg
Olsson_etal_99_pl29_f05-6_f10.jpg
Olsson_etal_99_pl29_f07.jpg

Taxonomy

Citation: Subbotina velascoensis (Cushman 1925)

taxonomic rank: Species

Basionym: Globigerina velascoensis

Synonyms:

Globigerina velascoensis Cushman, 1925:19, pl. 3: fig. 6a-c [Paleocene, Velasco Fm., Tamalte Arroyo, Hacienda el Limon, San Luis Potosi, Mexico].—White, 1928:196, pl. 28: fig. 2a,b [Paleocene, Velasco Shale, Tampico Embayment, eastern Mexico].—Bolli, 1957a:71, pl. 15: figs. 9-11 [Zone P4, Lizard Springs Fm., Trinidad].—Bolli and Cita, 1960:374, pl. 34: fig. 8a-c [Globorotali pseudomenardii Zone, Pademo d'Adda section, northern Italy].—Hillebrandt, 1962:120, pl. 11: fig. 4a,b [Paleocene, Reichenhall-Salzburg Basin, Austro-German border].—Gohrbandt, 1963:47, pl. 2: figs. 1-3 [upper Paleocene, north of Salzburg, Austria].— Shutskaya, 1970a:94, pl. 4: figs. 3a-4c, 6a-c [figs. 3, 6: Acarinina subsphaerica Zone, Kambileevka River, Black Mountains, northern Caucasus;fig.4: Acarinina subsphaerica Zone, Tarkhankut Peninsula, Crimea].
Globigerina velascoensis Cushman var. compressa White, 1928:196, pl. 28: fig. 3a,b [Velasco Fm., Tampico Embayment, eastern Mexico],
Globigerina quadritriloculinoides Khalilov, 1956:237, pl. 1: fig. 5a-c [holotype, upper Paleocene, Akhchakuima, NE foothills of Malyi Caucasus, Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaizhan].
Globigerina triloculinoides Plummer nana Khalilov, 1956:236, pl. 1:fig.4a-c [holotype, upper Paleocene, from Akhchakuima, NE foothills of Malyi Caucasus, Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaizhan], [Olsson et al. 1999]
Globorotalia tortiva Bolli, 1957a: 78. [not included in the synonymy of Olsson et al. 1999 but this was proposed as a new name for Globigerina velascoensis var. compressa White, 1928 - JRY 2017]

Taxonomic discussion: Although the holotype specimen is deformed, Bolli (1957a) defined the concept of this species, which is followed herein. The species was described from the Velasco Shale from which White (1928) illustrated better preserved specimens that he identified with Cushman's species. White's concept was followed by Bolli. White's figures, although drawings, illustrate a quadrate-shaped test with much compressed chambers. Furthermore, his drawings clearly indicate a symmetrical, coarsely cancellate test wall. Cushman (1925) in his description referred to an evenly reticulate wall, which suggests that he observed the wall texture that characterizes this species.
Bolli (1957a) and Blow (1979) considered that S. velascoensis evolved from S. triangularis at, or near, the Zone P3/P4 boundary and believed that 5. velascoensis represented a dead-end lineage. Subbotina velascoensis has a much different wall texture than does S. triangularis. The latter species has a finer asymmetrical cancellate wall with coalescing spine collars, whereas S. velascoensis has a symmetrical, coarsely cancellate wall texture. In 5. velascoensis, the spines are set at the intersection of the cancellate ridges and are not supported by spine collars (Plate 29: Figure 11) as in S. triangularis (Plate 26: Figures 12, 13). We consider S. velascoensis as the end member of the symmetrical coarsely cancellate lineage that begins with 5. cancellata. Subbotina cancellata, gives rise to S. velascoensis at, or near, the Zone P3/P4 boundary. We agree with Bolli and Blow that S. velascoensis represents a dead-end lineage. Globigerina quadritriloculinoides Khalilov (1956) from the upper Paleocene of Azerbaizhan exhibits the characteristic quadrate-shaped morphology of S. velascoensis. The holotype figures show a coarsely cancellate wall, also typical of S. velascoensis. [Olsson et al. 1999]

Catalog entries: Globigerina velascoensis, Globorotalia tortiva, Globigerina velascoensis compressa, Globigerina quadritriloculinoides, Globigerina triloculinoides nanus

Type images:

holotype: G. velascoensis

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Subbotina): Low trochospiral, tripartite test, with 3-4 rapidly inflating, globular chambers in final whorl. Umbilicus nearly closed by tight coiling. Wall cancellate with spines at nodes of the ridges, +/- spine collars.
This taxon: Test tightly coiled, subquadrate, test with compressed chambers. Final chamber much compressed, elongate, forms about half of the test and typically overhangs the earlier chambers. Aperture umbilical; thin elongate lip along part of aperture with squared-of ends. The test wall is coarsely and symmetrically cancellate, spinose.

NB These concise distinguishing features statements are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus.
They are being edited as the site is developed and comments on them are especially welcome.

Description

Character matrix
test outline: Quadrate chamber arrangement: Trochospiral edge view: Equally biconvex aperture: Umbilical
sp chamber shape: Inflated coiling axis: Low periphery: N/A aperture border: Thin lip
umb chbr shape: Inflated umbilicus: Narrow periph margin shape: Broadly rounded accessory apertures: None
spiral sutures: Strongly depressed umb depth: Deep wall texture: Finely pustulose shell porosity: Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures: Strongly depressed final-whorl chambers: 3-4 N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Geographic distribution

Essentially a worldwide distribution in the low to middle latitudes, with preferential development in the middle to higher latitudes as is common with the subbotinids (Figure 13). [Olsson et al. 1999]
Aze et al. 2011 summary: Cosmopolitan; based on Olsson et al. (1999)

Isotope paleobiology

Subbotina velascoensis has a δ13C and δ18O signature similar to P. varianta, G. compressa, and G. pseudomenardii, but it typically has a heavier δ18O and more negative 8'3C than coexisting Acarinina and Morozovella (Berggren and Norris, 1997). [Olsson et al. 1999]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 3 - Open ocean thermocline. Based on light _¹³C and relatively heavy _¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Berggren & Norris (1997); Coxall et al. (2000)

Phylogenetic relations

This species evolved from S. cancellata by the development of a more tightly coiled, quadrate test and compressed chambers. [Olsson et al. 1999]

Most likely ancestor: Subbotina triloculinoides - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: Olsson et al. 1999 f5a (but Olsson et al 2005 f6.2 show it evolving from cancellata).
Likely descendants: Subbotina hornibrooki; plot with descendants

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: Zone P3b to Zone P6a. [Olsson et al. 1999]
Last occurrence (top): within E3 zone (54.61-55.20Ma, top in Ypresian stage). Data source: Olsson et al. 1999
First occurrence (base): within P3b subzone (60.73-61.33Ma, base in Selandian stage). Data source: Olsson et al. 1999

Plot of occurrence data:

Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
Histogram - Neptune occurrence data from DSDP and ODP proceedings. Pale shading <50 samples in time bin. Interpret with caution & read these notes
Taxon plotted: Subbotina velascoensis, synonyms included - Globigerina velascoensis; Subbotina velascoensis;
See also space-time plot :: Samples map :: Parent: Subbotina

Primary source for this page: Olsson et al. 1999 - Atlas of Paleocene Planktonic Foraminifera, p. 33

References:

Bolli, H. M. & Cita, M. B. (1960). Globigerine e Globorotalie del Paleocene di Paderno d'Adda (Italia). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. LXVI(3): 1-42. gs

Bolli, H. M. (1957d). The genera Globigerina and Globorotalia in the Paleocene-Lower Eocene Lizard Springs Formation of Trinidad. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 61-82. gs

Cushman, J. A. (1925e). Some new foraminifera from the Velasco shale of Mexico. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research. 1(1): 18-23. gs

Gohrbandt, K. (1963). Zur Gliederung des Palaeogen im Helvetikum nordlich Salzburg nach planktonischen Foraminiferen. Mitteilungen der Geologischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 56(1): 63-. gs

Hillebrandt, A. , von (1962). Das Paleozän und seine Foraminiferenfauna im Becken von Reichenhall und Salzburg. Abhandlungen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 108: 1-182. gs

Khalilov, D. M. (1956). 0 pelagicheskoy faune foraminifer Paleogenovykh otlozheniy Azerbaydzhana [Pelagic Foraminifera of the Paleogene Deposits of the Azerbaizhan SSR]. Trudy Instituta Geologii, Akademiya Nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR. 17: 234-255. gs

Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Berggren, W. A. & Huber, B. T. (1999). Atlas of Paleocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. (85): 1-252. gs

Shutskaya, E. K. (1970a). Morphologic groups and descriptions of species of Globigerina and Acarinina in the lower Paleogene of the Crimea, the Caucasus Foreland, and western Central Asia. Trudy Vsesoyuznego Neftyanogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Geologo-Razvedochnogo Instituta (VNIGRI). 69: 79-113. gs

White, M. P. (1928). Some Index Foraminifera of the Tampico Embayment Area of Mexico. Journal of Paleontology. 2(3): 177-215. gs

Subbotina velascoensis compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 4-10-2024

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Short stable page link: https://mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?id=100298 Go to Archive.is to create a permanent copy of this page - citation notes

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test outline:	Quadrate	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Equally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical
sp chamber shape:	Inflated	coiling axis:	Low	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	Thin lip
umb chbr shape:	Inflated	umbilicus:	Narrow	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	None
spiral sutures:	Strongly depressed	umb depth:	Deep	wall texture:	Finely pustulose	shell porosity:	Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Strongly depressed	final-whorl chambers:	3-4	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable