pforams@mikrotax - Turborotalia pomeroli

Citation: Turborotalia pomeroli (Toumarkine & Bolli 1970)

Synonyms:

Globorotalia centralis Cushman and Bermúdez.—Howe, 1939:84, pl. 12: figs. 4-6 [Eocene, Cook Mountain Fm., Louisiana]. —Samanta, 1969:333, pl. 2: fig. 2a-c. [upper Eocene, Kapili Fm., Assam, India]. —Samanta, 1970 (partim), pl. 1: fig. 18 [middle Eocene Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone, Lakhpat Cutch, India]. [Not Cushman and Bermúdez, 1937.]
Globorotalia (Turborotalia) centralis Cushman and Bermúdez.—Blow and Banner, 1962:117, pl. 12: figs. K-M [middle Eocene, Zone P15, Sample FCRM 1645, Lindi, Tanzania].—Blow, 1969:346, pl. 36: figs. 1-2. [middle Eocene, Zone P15, Sample FCRM. 1645, Lindi, Tanzania].—Blow, 1979:1052-1054, pl. 36: figs. 1-2 (re-illustration from Blow, 1969); pl. 173: fig. 9 [middle Eocene, Zone P11, Sample RS. 24, Kilwa, Tanzania]; pl. 190: figs. 1-5 [middle Eocene Zone P13, Sample RS. 311, Kilwa, Tanzania]; pl. 261, figs. 7-9 [middle Eocene Zone P13, Sample RS. 311, Kilwa, Tanzania, detail of organic pore linings]. [Not Cushman and Bermúdez, 1937.]
Turborotalia centralis (Cushman and Bermúdez).—Nishi and Chaproniere, 1994:260, pl. 3: figs. 16-18 [upper Eocene Zone P15-P16, ODP Hole 841B, Tonga Trench, South Pacific Ocean]. [Not Cushman and Bermúdez, 1937.]
?Globorotalia inflata Hussey, 1943: pl. 29: figs. 4-5 [Eocene, Cane River Fm., La Salle Parish, Louisiana].
?Globigerina subcorpulenta Khalilov, 1956:248, pl. 4: figs. 5a-c [upper Eocene, Sovitabad, northern Azerbaijan]. ?Globorotalia pseudomayeri Bolli, 1957c:167, pl.37: figs. 17a,b [middle Eocene Hantkenina aragonensis Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad].
Globorotalia cerroazulensis pomeroli Toumarkine and Bolli, 1970:140, pl. 1: figs. 10-18 [middle Eocene, Possagno area, northern Italy].— Toumarkine, 1975:744, pl. 2: figs. 4-5 [middle Eocene Globorotalia lehneri Zone, DSDP Site 305, north-west Pacific Ocean].—Poore and Brabb, 1977:260, pl. 2: figs. 3-4 [middle Eocene Zone P14, San Lorenzo Fm., Santa Cruz Mountains, California].— Snyder and Waters, 1985:460, pl. 3: fig. 9-11 [middle Eocene Zones P13-P14, DSDP Site 549, Goban Spur, North Atlantic Ocean].
Globorotalia pomeroli Toumarkine and Bolli.—Pujol 1983:652, pl. 662: fig. 3 [middle Eocene Zone P14, DSDP Hole 516F, Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic].
Turborotalia cerroazulensis pomeroli (Toumarkine and Bolli).—Toumarkine and Luterbacher, 1985:137, figs. 34.9, 35.4-9 (re-illustrations from the literature).
Turborotalia pomeroli (Toumarkine and Bolli).—Poore and Bybell, 1988:21, pl.1: fig. 9, pl. 2: figs. 8-9 [middle Eocene, Core ACGS#4, New Jersey]. —Coccioni and others, 1988, pl. 1: figs. 1-3 [upper Eocene Zone P15, Massignano, Italy].—Poag and Commeau, 1995, pl. 5: fig. 16-17, pl. 6: figs. 2-3 [Eocene, Salisbury Embayment, Virginia].
Globorotalia possagnoensis Toumarkine and Bolli.— Pujol, 1983:652, pl. 662: fig. 3 [middle Eocene Zone P14, DSDP Sample 516F-52-4, 61-63 cm, Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic Ocean]. [Not Toumarkine and Bolli, 1970.]
Turborotalia possagnoensis (Toumarkine and Bolli).—Poore and Bybell, 1988:21, pl. 2: figs. 4-7 [middle Eocene, Core ACGS#4, New Jersey]. [Not Toumarkine and Bolli, 1970.]
Not Globorotalia cerroazulensis pomeroli Toumarkine and Bolli.—Toumarkine, 1978:710, pl. 6: figs. 6-9 [middle and upper Eocene, DSDP Site 363, Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean]. [ =Turborotalia increbescens.]

Taxonomic discussion: This species was described by Toumarkine and Bolli (1970) as an evolutionary intermediate in a lineage between T. possagnoensis and T. cerroazuelensis, but multivariate morphometric studies (P. N. Pearson, unpublished data) suggest a more complicated situation. Populations of T. pomeroli are highly variable in morphology and were apparently at the root of a substantial radiation in the middle Eocene. T. pomeroli intergrades with T. frontosa near the level of its first appearance (Zones E9-E10), and at higher levels with T. altispiroides, T. cerroazulensis, T. increbescens and T. ampliapertura. Blow (1979) considered it as a junior synonym of Globorotalia centralis Cushman and Bermúdez, and indeed the concept of centralis articulated by Blow and Banner (1962) and Blow (1969, 1979) accords closely with pomeroli. In our view, however, centralis is a synonym of cerroazulensis (see above).
Globigerina subcorpulenta Khalilov, which was regarded by Blow (1979) as a junior synonym of Globorotalia centralis Cushman and Bermúdez, has been viewed by W. A. Berggren (pers. comm.) as part of this study. Although poorly preserved, it is a potential senior synonym of pomeroli. Similarly, Globorotalia inflata Hussey is a poorly understood species that was dismissed by Blow (1979) as a secondary subjective homonym of Globigerina inflata (d’Orbigny) (both of which he placed in Globorotalia). This would not be the case if Hussey’s taxon was found to be a Turborotalia, as seems likely from examination under light microscope (P. N. Pearson, observed 1997), in which case it might also be regarded as another senior synonym of pomeroli. Globorotalia pseudomayeri Bolli, 1957c is another species that may be a prior synonym. Blow (1979) recognized its turborotalid affinities. A questionable further prior synonym that we have not studied is Globorotalia kiewensis Morozova. However, as all four taxa have rarely been noticed, we recommend retaining pomeroli for stability of nomenclature. [Pearson et al. 2006]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Turborotalia): Trochospiral with umbilical-extraumbilical aperture.
Wall smooth pustulose, can be weakly cancellate, & may defoliate.
This taxon: Like T. frontosa but larger, with more compressed chamber morphology, and at least 4 chambers in the final whorl.

Description

Large, high to moderate trochospiral, globular with 4 (rarely 5) chambers in the final whorl; chambers inflated, strongly radially compressed and appressed, increasing moderately in size, with final chamber commonly flattened in a radial direction and added high in the spiral, arching towards the umbilicus; dorsal sutures slightly curved, depressed; aperture a broad, often irregular arch in umbilical-extraumbilical position, sometimes extending almost to the periphery; occasionally an imperforate lip visible, but more commonly obscured by inward folding of the final chamber; umbilicus generally narrow; ventral sutures slightly curved, depressed; usually a weak tendency for either dextral or sinistral coiling. [Pearson et al. 2006]

Smooth, normal perforate with cylindrical pustules around umbilicus, weakly cancellate on earlier chambers; tendency to defoliate. [Pearson et al. 2006]

Holotype length 0.51 mm, breadth 0.44 mm, height 0.34 mm. [Pearson et al. 2006]

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Cosmopolitan; probably the most abundant and widely distributed of all Turborotalia, being very well represented in both tropical and temperate regions. [Pearson et al. 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 summary: Cosmopolitan; based on Pearson et al. (2006)

Recorded as having relatively negative δ18O by Boersma and others (1987) (as T. centralis). Similar data were presented by Pearson and others (2001), indicating a shallower habitat than co-occurring T. cerroazulensis. [Pearson et al. 2006]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 2 - Open ocean mixed-layer tropical/subtropical, without symbionts. Based on _¹³C lighter than species with symbionts; also with relatively light _¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Boersma et al. (1987); Pearson et al. (2001a)

Evolved from Turborotalia frontosa in the middle Eocene and was ancestral to T. cerroazulensis, T. altispiroides and T. increbescens. [Pearson et al. 2006]

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: Middle Eocene, upper Zone E11 to within Zone E15 (Toumarkine and Bolli, 1970). [Pearson et al. 2006]
Last occurrence (top): in upper part of E15 zone (70% up, 35Ma, in Priabonian stage). Data source: Pearson et al. (2006), fig. 15.1
First occurrence (base): in lower part of E10 zone (40% up, 42.7Ma, in Lutetian stage). Data source: Pearson et al. (2006), fig. 15.1

Primary source for this page: Pearson et al. 2006 - Eocene Atlas, chap. 15, p. 454

References:

Bermudez, P. J. (1937b). Nuevas especies de Foraminiferos del Eoceno de Cuba. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural “Felipe Poey”. 11: 137-150. gs

Blow, W. H. & Banner, F. T. (1962). The mid-Tertiary (Upper Eocene to Aquitanian) Globigerinaceae. In, Eames, F. E., Banner, F. T., Blow, W. H. & Clarke, W. J. (eds) Fundamentals of mid-Tertiary Stratigraphical Correlation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 61-151. gs

Blow, W. H. (1969). Late middle Eocene to Recent planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy. In, Bronnimann, P. & Renz, H. H. (eds) Proceedings of the First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils, Geneva, 1967. E J Brill, Leiden 380-381. gs

Blow, W. H. (1979). The Cainozoic Globigerinida: A study of the morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphical distribution of some Globigerinida (mainly Globigerinacea). E. J. Brill, Leiden. 2: 1-1413. gs

Bolli, H. M. (1957a). Planktonic foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 155-172. gs

Coccioni, R., Monaco, P., Monechi, S., Nocchi, M. & Parisi, G. (1988). Biostratigraphy of the Eocene-Oligocene boundary at Massignano, (Ancona, Italy). In, Premoli Silva, I., Coccioni, R. & Montanari, A. (eds) The Eocene-Oligocene Boundary in the Marche-Umbria Basin (Italy). International Subcommission on Paleogene Stratigraphy, Ancona 59-80. gs

Howe, H. V. (1939). Louisiana Cook Mountain Eocene foraminifera. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Louisiana. 14: 1-122. gs

Hussey, K. M. (1943). Distinctive new species of foraminifera from the Cane River Eocene of Louisiana. Journal of Paleontology. 17: 170-167. gs

Khalilov, D. M. (1956). 0 pelagicheskoy faune foraminifer Paleogenovykh otlozheniy Azerbaydzhana [Pelagic Foraminifera of the Paleogene Deposits of the Azerbaizhan SSR]. Trudy Instituta Geologii, Akademiya Nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR. 17: 234-255. gs

Nishi, H. & Chaproniere, G. C. H. (1994). Eocene-Oligocene subtropical planktonic foraminifers at Site 841,. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 135: 245-266. gs

Pearson, P. N., Premec-Fucek, V. & Premoli Silva, I. (2006b). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Eocene Turborotalia. In, Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication . 41(Chap 15): 433-460. gs O

Poag, C. W. & Commeau, J. A. (1995). Paleocene to middle Miocene planktic foraminifera of the southwestern Salisbury Embayment, Virginia and Maryland: Biostratigraphy, allostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 25: 134-155. gs

Poore, R. Z. & Brabb, E. E. (1977). Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifera from the Upper Butano sandstone and type San Lorenzo formation, Santa Cruz Mountains, California. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 7(4): 249-272. gs

Poore, R. Z. & Bybell, L. M. (1988). Eocene to Miocene biostratigraphy of New Jersey Core ACGS #4: Implications for regional stratigraphy. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 1829: 1-41. gs

Pujol, C. (1983). Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the South-Western Atlantic (Rio Grande Rise): Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 72. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 72: 623-673. gs

Snyder, S. W. & Waters, V. J. (1985). Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Goban Spur Region, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 80. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 80: 439-472. gs

Toumarkine, M. & Bolli, H. M. (1970). Evolution de Globorotalia cerroazulensis (Cole) dans l'Eocene moyen et superieur de Possagno (Italie). Revue de Micropaléontologie. 13(3): 131-145. gs

Toumarkine, M. & Luterbacher, H. (1985). Paleocene and Eocene planktic foraminifera. In, Bolli, H. M., Saunders, J. B. & Perch-Neilsen, K. (eds) Plankton Stratigraphy. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge 87-154. gs

Toumarkine, M. (1975). Middle and Late Eocene planktonic foraminifera from the northwestern Pacific Ocean: Leg 32 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 32: 735-751. gs

Toumarkine, M. (1978). Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Paleogene of Sites 360 to 364 and the Neogene of Sites 362A, 363 and 364 Leg 40,. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 40: 679-721. gs

test outline:	Lobate	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Inequally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical-extraumbilical
sp chamber shape:	Globular	coiling axis:	Moderate-high	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	Thin lip
umb chbr shape:	Globular	umbilicus:	Narrow	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	None
spiral sutures:	Moderately depressed	umb depth:	Deep	wall texture:	Smooth	shell porosity:	Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Moderately depressed	final-whorl chambers:	4-5	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Turborotalia pomeroli

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References:

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