pforams@mikrotax - Acarinina echinata

Citation: Acarinina echinata (Bolli 1957)

Synonyms:

Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli, 1957b:165, pl. 37: figs. 2-5 [middle Eocene Porticulasphaera mexicana Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]._Saito, 1962:223, pl. 33: fig. 7 [middle Eocene, Hillsborough Island, Bonin Group, Japan]._Jenkins, 1971:183, pl. 21: figs. 628-631 [middle-upper Eocene, Hampden Beach, South Island, New Zealand]._Huber, 1991: 439, pl. 5: figs. 17, 20 [lower Oligocene, ODP Site 744, Kerguelen Plateau].
Acarinina echinata (Bolli)._Wade, 2004:29, pl. 2: figs. e-m [Zones P14, P15, ODP Site 1052, Blake Nose].
Not Globigerinita echinata echinata (Bolli)._ Blow, 1979:1334, pl. 240: fig. 7 [Zone P14, Lindi, Tanzania]. (? =Globigerinatheka sp.)
Not Globigerinita echinata africana (Bolli), Blow, 1979:1336-1337, pl. 240, fig. 8 [Zone P14, middle Eocene, Lindi, Tanzania]. (? =Globigerinatheka sp.)
Not Catapsydrax echinatus (Bolli).—Huber, 1991: 439, pl. 5, figs. 17, 20 [mid-Oligocene Zone AP13, ODP Hole 744A, Kerguelen Plateau] (? =Globoquadrina dehiscens).
Acarinina sp. (Bolli).—Grimm and others, 2005:246, pl. 1, fig. 11 [lower Oligocene, Bodenheim Fm., Mainz Basin, Germany].

Taxonomic discussion: Bolli (1957b) originally placed echinata in Catapsydrax because of the presence of an umbilical bulla. However, the muricate wall texture of this species is distinctly different from the cancellate spinose wall texture of the type species of Catapsydrax (Globigerina dissimilis Cushman and Bermúdez, 1937). Forms with sutural bullae (Pl.9.10, Figs. 19-22) are included in this species because of their distinctly muricate test, and compact coiling. Further investigation may reveal that these forms should be differentiated from A. echinata s.s. [Berggren et al. 2006]

Specimens identified by Blow (1979) as Globigerinita echinata echinata and Globigerinita echinata africana have cancellate wall textures and are therefore unrelated to Acarinina echinata. Huber (1991, p. 439, pl. 5, fig. 17) recorded a mid-Oligocene bullate, globular, cancellate, spinose form similar to the “spinose variant” of (the lower Miocene) “Globoquadrina dehiscens” recorded by Berggren and others (1983; pl. 1, figs. 5-10) from the lower Miocene of DSDP Site 516 on the Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic Ocean. We view these forms as unrelated to Acarinina echinata. [Berggren et al. 2006]

Distinguishing features: Test compact coiling; muricate surface texture; final chamber kummerform or bullate and/or with sutural bullae.

Description

Wall type: Moderately to coarsely muricate, normal perforate, nonspinose. [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]

Morphology: Overall outline circular to subcircular. “Test compact, biconvex, peripheral outline weakly to moderately lobate, axial periphery rounded, more rarely becoming slightly subangular; chambers globular, 11-13 in adult tests increasing rapidly in size until ultimate chamber, which is usually kummerform and often connected to a variably shaped bulla that often covers the umbilicus and part or most of the umbilical sutures, 3½-4 chambers in the final whorl; umbilical sutures radial, weakly to moderately depressed, spiral sutures radial, weakly depressed to indistinct; aperture variable in size, shape, position and number depending on the characteristics of the bullate final chamber, usually a single low arched opening directed towards the umbilicus and surrounded by a narrow lip, more rarely two or three small, low arched openings directed along umbilical sutures” (Berggren and others, 2006:284). [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]

Size: Maximum diameter of holotype 0.30 mm, thickness 0.25 mm. [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Geographic distribution: Rare, but globally distributed in high and low latitudes. We have recorded Oligocene occurrences from the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Paratethys, and Kerguelen Plateau. [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]

Isotope paleobiology: No data available. [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 1 - Open ocean mixed-layer tropical/subtropical, with symbionts. Based on very heavy δ¹³C and relatively light δ¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): this study - i.e. inferred from related species.

Phylogenetic relations: Berggren and others (2006) suggested that Acarinina echinata may have evolved from Acarinina pseudosubsphaerica during the middle Eocene. There are no known descendants. [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]

Most likely ancestor: Acarinina pseudosubsphaerica - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: Berggren et al. (2006) fig9.2.

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: The range of Acarinina echinata is poorly constrained. It was described from Zone E10 (Bolli, 1957), our highest recorded specimens are from Zone O3/O4. [Wade & Kucenjak 2018]
Last occurrence (top): within O4 zone (28.09-29.18Ma, top in Rupelian stage). Data source: Wade & Kucenjak 2018
First occurrence (base): in lower part of E10 zone (30% up, 42.8Ma, in Lutetian stage). Data source: Berggren et al. 2006

Primary source for this page: Wade & Kucenjak 2018 - Olig Atlas chap.13 p.395; Berggren et al. 2006 - Eocene Atlas, chap. 9, p. 284

References:

Berggren, W. A., Pearson, P. N., Huber, B. T. & Wade, B. S. (2006b). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Eocene Acarinina. In, Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 41(Chap 9): 257-326. gs V O

Bermudez, P. J. (1937). Nuevas especies de Foraminiferos del Eoceno de Cuba. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural. 11: +143-+. gs V O

Blow, W. H. (1979). The Cainozoic Globigerinida: A study of the morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphical distribution of some Globigerinida (mainly Globigerinacea). E. J. Brill, Leiden. 2: 1-1413. gs

Bolli, H. M. (1957a). Planktonic foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin. 215: 155-172. gs V O

Grimm, K. I., Köthe, A. & Grimm, M. C. (2005). Sedimentologie und biostratigraphie im Rupelium der Ziegeleigrube Jungk, Wöllstein (Mainzer Becken). Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 85: 231-259. gs

Huber, B. T. (1991c). Paleogene and Early Neogene Planktonic Foraminifer Biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Indian Ocean). Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 119: 427-449. gs V O

Jenkins, D. G. (1971). New Zealand Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera. New Zealand Geological Survey, Paleontological Bulletin. 42: 1-278. gs

Saito, T. (1962a). Eocene planktonic foraminifera from Hahajima (Hillsborough Island). Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan, New Series. 45: 209-225. gs V O

Wade, B. S. & Hernitz Kucenjak, M. (2018). Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Oligocene Acarinina. In, Wade, B. S., Olsson, R. K., Pearson, P. N., Huber, B. T. & Berggren, W. A. (eds) Atlas of Oligocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 46(Chap 13): 393-402. gs V O

Wade, B. S. (2004). Planktonic Foraminiferal biostratigraphy and mechanisms in the extinction of Morozovella in the Late Middle Eocene. Marine Micropaleontology. 51: 23-38. gs

test outline:	Lobate	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Equally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical
sp chamber shape:	Globular	coiling axis:	Low	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	Bulla
umb chbr shape:	Globular	umbilicus:	Wide	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	Sutural
spiral sutures:	Weakly depressed	umb depth:	Deep	wall texture:	Coarsely muricate	shell porosity:	Finely Perforate: 1-2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Weakly depressed	final-whorl chambers:	3.5-4.0	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Acarinina echinata

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References:

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