pforams@mikrotax - Subbotina triloculinoides

Citation: Subbotina triloculinoides (Plummer 1927)

Basionym: Globigerina triloculinoides

Synonyms:

Globigerina triloculinoides Plummer, 1926:134, pl. 8: fig. lOa-b [Zone P2, Wills Point Fm., Midway Group, Navarro Co., Texas, Station 23].—Bolli, 1957a:70, pl. 15: figs. 18-20 [Globorotalia pusilla pusilla Zone, Lizard Springs Fm., Trinidad] [in part, not pl. 17: figs. 25, 26],—Loeblich and Tappan, 1957a: 183, pl. 40: fig. 4a-c [Tylocidaris oedumi Zone, Danian Stage, western Denmark], pl. 41:fig.2a-c [Zone Pic, McBryde Limestone of Clayton Fm., Wilcox Co., Alabama], pl. 42: fig. 2a-c [Zone Pic, Brightseat Fm., Maryland], pl. 43:fig.5a-c [Zone PI, Kincaid Fm., Travis Co., Texas], pl. 43: figs. 8a,b, 9a-c [Zone P2, Wills Point Fm., Midway Group, Navarro Co., Texas], pl. 45:fig.3a-c [Zone P3, Matthews Landing Marl, Naheola Landing, Tombigbee River, Alabama] [in part, not pl. 46: fig. la-c, pl. 47:fig.2a-c,pl. 52: figs. 3-7,pl. 56:fig.8a-c, pl. 62:figs.3, 4]. —Bolli and Cita, 1960:13,pl.31:fig.la-c [Globorotaliatrinidadensis -Globigerina daubjergensis Zone, Pademo d'Adda section, northern Italy],— Berggren, 1962:86, pl. 14: figs. la-2b [Zone Plb, type Danian, Stevns Klint, Denmark].—Hillebrandt, 1962:119, pl. 11: fig. la-c [Danian Stage, Richenhall-Salzburg Basin, Austro-German border]. —Shutskaya, 1970b: 118, pl. 18: fig. la-c [upper subzone of Globigerina trivialis -Globoconusa daubjergensis -Globorotalia compressa Zone, Malyi Balkhan Ridge, western Turkmenia], pl. 19:fig.3a-c [Acarininainconstans Zone, Malyi Balkhan Ridge, western Turkmenia], pl. 21: fig. 5a-c [Acarinina praepentacamerata Zone, Urukh River section, northern Caucasus], pl. 23: fig. 12a-c [lower subzone of Acarinina tadjikistanensis djanensis Zone, Malyi Balkhan Ridge, western Turkmenia].
Globigerina pseudotriloba White, 1928:194,pl. 27:fig.17a,b[VelascoFm., Mexico].
Globigerina stainforthi Bronnimann, 1952:23, pl. 3: figs. 10-12 [Paleocene, Trinidad].
Globigerina (Globigerina) microcellulosa Morozova, 1961:14, pl. 1: fig. 11 [Danian, Tarkhankut, Crimea].
Subbotina triloculinoides (Plummer).—Brotzen and Pozaryska, 1961:160, text-fig. 2, pl. 4:fig.4 [lower Paleocene, Midway Group, Texas],—Belford, 1967:7, pl. 1: figs. 1-5 [Paleocene, Australia].—Stott and Kennett, 1990:559, pl. 2: fig. 12 [Zone APla, ODP Hole 690C/15X/2: 46-50 cm; Maud Rise, Weddell Sea, Southern Ocean].
Subbotina triloculinoides triloculinoides (Plummer).—Blow, 1979:1287, pl. 74: fig. 6 [Zone Pl, DSDP Hole 47.2/11/1: 148-150 cm; Shatsky Rise, northwesternPacificOcean],pl.80:fig.1[ZoneP2,DSDPHole20C/6/4: 72-74 cm; Brazil Basin, South Atlantic Ocean], pl. 98:fig.7 [Zone P4, given as P5, Lindi area, Tanzania], pl. 238:fig.5 [same specimen as pl. 98: fig.5], pl. 248: figs. 9, 10 [topotypes, Zone P2, Navarro Co., Texas], pl. 255: fig.9 [Zone D2 of Bang, 1969, probably Zone P1c, Karlstrup, Denmark], pl. 257: fig. 9 [Zone P1c, upper Danian, Klagshamn, Sweden], [Olsson et al. 1999]

Taxonomic discussion: Together with Parasubbotina pseudobulloides (Plummer), this taxon is probably one of the most cited, yet most frequently misidentified, taxa of the Paleocene. The detailed analysis of Blow (1979) may serve as a guide to a reasonably consistent delineation of the main characteristics of this species. Although S. triloculinoides has a strongly cancellate wall texture, its does not possess the symmetrical, coarsely cancellate wall of the cancellata -velascoensis lineage. The ancestral S. trivialis is more weakly cancellate, and S. triangularis has an asymmetrical cancellate surface with distinct spine collars. Unlike Blow (1979), we do not recognize the two subgroups (aside from S. triloculinoides sensu stricto) to which some sort of formal nomenclature may be applied: S. triloculinoides stainforthi Blow and S. triloculinoides nana Blow. The former is interpreted as a junior synonym of S. triloculinoides, as has been more or less suggested by Bolli (1957a), and the "taxon" nana Khalilov is a squat, subquadrate form with a linaperta-like aperture referable to S. velascoensis (Cushman) and not to S. triloculinoides (verified by examination of the holotype by WAB). Khalilov (1967) indicated that the range of nana is upper Paleocene to lower Eocene in the Malyi Caucasus (Azerbaizhan) and Malyi Balkhan (Turkmenia); the morphology of velascoensis (= nana), however, already appears in Zone P3. The SEMs of the holotype (Plate 9: Figures 13-15) of S. microcellulosa ( Morozova) show this taxon to be a junior synonym of triloculinoides. [Olsson et al. 1999]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Subbotina): Low trochospiral, tripartite test, with 3-4 rapidly inflating, globular chambers in final whorl. Umbilicus nearly closed by tight coiling. Wall cancellate with spines at nodes of the ridges, +/- spine collars.
This taxon: Test medium sized, lobulate, trilobate with 3-3½ chambers in final whorl, increasing moderately in size. The ultimate chamber forms up to ½ of the test. Intercameral sutures depressed, straight to slightly curved on umbilical and spiral sides of the test. Umbilicus narrow, deep, often covered by a well developed apertural lip. Aperture umbilical, slightly asymmetrical towards an extraumbilical direction. The test walls strongly cancellate, spinose.

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Essentially a worldwide distribution in the low to high latitudes (Figure 12). [Olsson et al. 1999]
Aze et al. 2011 summary: Cosmopolitan; based on Olsson et al. (1999)

Subbotina triloculinoides has a δ13C
and δ18O signature similar to P. pseudobulloides, P. varianta, G. compressa, and G. planocompressa, but it typically has a I8 I3 heavier 8 0 and more negative 8 C than coexisting Praemurica and Morozovella. The species shows little change in δ18O or δ13C over a large size range (Berggren and Norris, 1997). [Olsson et al. 1999]
Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 3 - Open ocean thermocline. Based on light _¹³C and relatively heavy _¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Berggren & Norris (1997); Coxall et al. (2000)

Although Blow (1979) was of the opinion that the origin of S. triloculinoides lay in the plexus of forms that radiate from Eoglobigerina eobulloides sensu lato toward E. trivialis and S. triloculinoides, and, more specifically, with F eobulloides simplicissima, we view its evolution from S. trivialis to be more likely (see also Olsson et al., 1992). [Olsson et al. 1999]

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: Zones Plb to P4. Although its upper stratigraphic limit remains somewhat equivocal, we have not observed it above Zone P4 and believe it is restricted to the Paleocene. [Olsson et al. 1999]
The FAD of Subbotina triloculinoides marks the base of zone P1b / top of P1a (Wade et al. 2011)
Last occurrence (top): within P4 zone (57.10-60.73Ma, top in Thanetian stage). Data source: Olsson et al. 1999
First occurrence (base): at base of P1b subzone (0% up, 65.3Ma, in Danian stage). Data source: zonal marker (Wade et al. 2011)

Primary source for this page: Olsson et al. 1999 - Atlas of Paleocene Planktonic Foraminifera, p. 31

References:

Berggren, W. A. (1962a). Some planktonic foraminifera from the Maestrichtian and type Danian stages of southern Scandinavia. Stockholm Contributions in Geology. 9(1): 1-106. gs

Blow, W. H. (1979). The Cainozoic Globigerinida: A study of the morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphical distribution of some Globigerinida (mainly Globigerinacea). E. J. Brill, Leiden. 2: 1-1413. gs

Bolli, H. M. & Cita, M. B. (1960). Globigerine e Globorotalie del Paleocene di Paderno d'Adda (Italia). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. LXVI(3): 1-42. gs

Bolli, H. M. (1957d). The genera Globigerina and Globorotalia in the Paleocene-Lower Eocene Lizard Springs Formation of Trinidad. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 61-82. gs

Brönnimann, P. (1952d). Trinidad Paleocene and lower Eocene Globigerinidae. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 34(143): 1-34. gs

Brotzen, F. & Pozaryska, K. (1961). Foraminiferes du Paleocene et de l'Eocene inferieur en Pologne septentrionale; remarques paleogeographiques. Revue de Micropaléontologie. 4: 155-166. gs

Hillebrandt, A. , von (1962). Das Paleozän und seine Foraminiferenfauna im Becken von Reichenhall und Salzburg. Abhandlungen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 108: 1-182. gs

Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (1957b). Planktonic foraminifera of Paleocene and early Eocene Age from the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains. In, Loeblich, A. R. , Jr., Tappan, H., Beckmann, J. P., Bolli, H. M., Montanaro Gallitelli, E. & Troelsen, J. C. (eds) Studies in Foraminifera. U.S. National Museum Bulletin . 215: 173-198. gs

Morozova, V. G. (1961). Datsko-Montskie planktonnye foraminifery yuga SSSR [Danian-Montian Planktonic Foraminifera of the Southern USSR]. Paleontologicheskiy Zhurnal. (2): 8-19. gs O

Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Berggren, W. A. & Huber, B. T. (1999). Atlas of Paleocene Planktonic Foraminifera. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. (85): 1-252. gs

Postuma, J. A. (1971). Manual of planktonic foraminifera. Elsevier for Shell Group, The Hague. 1-406. gs

Stott, L. D. & Kennett, J. P. (1990). The Paleoceanographic and Paleoclimatic signature of the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary in the Antarctic: Stable isotopic results from ODP Leg 113. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 113: 829-848. gs

Wade, B. S., Pearson, P. N., Berggren, W. A. & Pälike, H. (2011). Review and revision of Cenozoic tropical planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and calibration to the geomagnetic polarity and astronomical time scale. Earth-Science Reviews. 104: 111-142. gs

White, M. P. (1928). Some Index Foraminifera of the Tampico Embayment Area of Mexico. Journal of Paleontology. 2(3): 177-215. gs

test outline:	Lobate	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Inequally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical
sp chamber shape:	Inflated	coiling axis:	Low	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	Thick lip
umb chbr shape:	Inflated	umbilicus:	Wide	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	None
spiral sutures:	Strongly depressed	umb depth:	Shallow	wall texture:	Cancellate	shell porosity:	Macroperforate: >2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Strongly depressed	final-whorl chambers:	3-3.5	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Subbotina triloculinoides

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References: