K_S 1983 07-1.JPG
Lam & Leckie 2020 pl03 17-18.jpg
K_S 1983 07-1.JPG
Lam & Leckie 2020 pl03 17-18.jpgG. falconensis closely resembles G. praebulloides Blow and G. bulloides d'Orbigny but differs in having the final chamber with well-developed imperforate lip. Earlier nonbiometric studies suggested that G. falconensis and G. bulloides may represent subspecies or phenotypic variants of a single species; however, biometric analysis by Malmgren and Kennett (1977) revealed that these two forms tend to react as different species in all essential foraminiferal parameters, and therefore the taxonomic distinction between these forms should be retained. This species appears to have evolved from G. praebulloides during the Early Miocene. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]
Catalog entries: Globigerina falconensis, Globigerina antarctica
Type images:
holotype: G. falconensis
holotype: G. falconensis_USNM 625697_holo.jpg)
holotype: G. falconensis
paratype: G. falconensis
paratype: G. falconensisDistinguishing features: 4 chambers in final whorl; Umbilicus small but deep; Aperture an elongate narrow arch with prominent lip
NB These concise distinguishing features statements are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus.
Wall type: Spinose; Hispid [Aze 2011]
Morphology: Test low trochospiral, slightly compressed, with four chambers in the final whorl; chambers spherical, increasing slowly in size as added; the last chamber typically smaller than the penultimate; sutures on both sides radial, depressed; surface with small, regularly distributed pores and thin, simple spines. Umbilicus small but deep, partly covered by a strongly developed lip of the final chamber. Aperture an elongate narrow arch, interiomarginal, umbilical. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]
Size: >150µm
Character matrix
| test outline: | Lobate | chamber arrangement: | Trochospiral | edge view: | Equally biconvex | aperture: | Umbilical |
| sp chamber shape: | Globular | coiling axis: | Low-moderate | periphery: | N/A | aperture border: | Thin lip |
| umb chbr shape: | Globular | umbilicus: | Narrow | periph margin shape: | Broadly rounded | accessory apertures: | None |
| spiral sutures: | Moderately depressed | umb depth: | Deep | wall texture: | Cancellate | shell porosity: | Macroperforate: >2.5µm |
| umbilical or test sutures: | Strongly depressed | final-whorl chambers: | 4.0-4.0 | N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable | |||
In modern oceans a common, temperate water, species [SCOR WG138]
Geographic distribution: High latitudes [Aze et al. 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan (1983)]
ForCenS G_falco.jpgMost likely ancestor: Globigerina bulloides - at confidence level 1 (out of 5). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983 indicate G. bulloides and G. praebulloides as possible ancestors, G. praebulloides is not now recognised (see Spezzaferri et al. 2018) so G. bulloides seems the most likely ancestor [my interpretation - JRY 2018].
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138)
First occurrence (base): within N7 zone (16.38-17.54Ma, base in Burdigalian stage). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983
Plot of occurrence data:
Primary source for this page: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, p.40
Aze, T. et al. (2011). A phylogeny of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminifera from fossil data. Biological Reviews. 86: 900-927. gs Blow, W. H. (1959). Age, correlation, and biostratigraphy of the upper Tocuyo (San Lorenzo) and Pozon Formations, eastern Falcon, Venezuela. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 39(178): 67-251. gs Keany, J. & Kennett, J. P. (1972). Pliocene-early Pleistocene paleoclimatic history recorded in Antarctic-subantarctic deep-sea cores,. Deep-Sea Research. 19(8): 529-548. gs Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs Lam, A. & Leckie, R. M. (2020a). Late Neogene and Quaternary diversity and taxonomy of subtropical to temperate planktic foraminifera across the Kuroshio Current Extension, northwest Pacific Ocean. Micropaleontology. 66(3): 177-268. gs Malmgren, B. A. & Kennett, J. P. (1977). Biometric differentiation between Recent Globigerina bulloides and Globigerina falconensis in the southern Indian Ocean,. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 7(2): 130-148. gs Siccha, M. & Kucera, M. (2017). ForCenS, a curated database of planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples. Scientific Data. 4(1): 1-12. gs Stewart, I. A., Darling, K. F., Kroon, D., Wade, C. M. & Troelstra, S. R. (2001). Genotypic variability in subarctic Atlantic planktic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology. 43: 143-153. gs Ujiié, Y. & Lipps, J. H. (2009). Cryptic diversity in planktonic foraminifera in the northwest Pacific ocean. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 39: 145-154. gsReferences:
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Globigerina falconensis compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 23-7-2021
Short stable page link: https://mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?id=104036 Go to Archive.is to create a permanent copy of this page - citation notes |