pforams@mikrotax - Globorotalia truncatulinoides

Citation: Globorotalia truncatulinoides (d’Orbigny, 1839)

Basionym: Rotalina truncatulinoides d’Orbigny, 1839

Synonyms:

Globorotalia (Truncorotalia) truncatulinoides (d’Orbigny, 1839) [e.g. Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Variants:

Globorotalia (Globorotalia) truncatulinoides pachytheca Blow 1969 - heavily encristed form [a discrete species according to Aze et al. 2011, but a variant according to Brummer & Kucera 2022]

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (truncatulinoides lineage): G. crasula - crassaformis - tosaensis - truncatulinoides lineage, predominantly conicotruncate
This taxon: Like G. tosaensis but with a pronounced keel and a more open umbilicus

Description

Test low trochospiral, planoconvex, equatorial periphery almost circular, axial periphery acute with a distinct keel, 5 chambers in the final whorl, increasing slowly in size as added; sutures on spiral side straight to gently curved, flush to slightly depressed; on umbilical side almost radial , depressed; surface finely perforate, pustulate on umbilical as well as on spiral side; umbilicus wide deep, aperture interiomarginal, extraumbilical-umbilical, a low arch bordered by a lip. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Warm subtropical to tropical. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983] Low latitudes [Aze et al. 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan (1983)]

In modern oceans an abundant, temperate water, species [SCOR WG138]

Map of distribution from ForCenS database

Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 4 - Open ocean sub-thermocline. Based on very light δ¹³C and very heavy δ¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Vergnaud-Grazzini (1976); Shackleton & Vincent (1978)

Gr. (T.) truncatulinoides is distinguished from Gr. (T.) tosaensis by the presence of a pronounced keel and a more open umbilicus (PI. 34, Fig. 2). Gr. (T.) truncatulinoides evolved from Gr. (T.) tosaensis during the latest Pliocene by developing a keel and a more wide open umbilicus. Kennett and Geitzenauer (1969) suggested that during the latest Pliocene to earliest Pleistocene, Gr. (T.) truncatulinoides and Gr. (T.) tosaensis for a short time were contemporaneous species living in adjacent transitional water masses. At that time, they were either phenotypic variants or separate species with distinct environmental preferences. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Molecular Genotypes recognised (data from PFR² database, June 2017. References: Darling & Wade 2008; de Vargas et al. 2001; Morard et al. 2013; Quillévéré et al. 2013; Ujiié & Lipps 2009; Ujiié et al. 2010).

Globorotalia truncatulinoides (70 sequences)
Globorotalia truncatulinoides I (1 sequences)
Globorotalia truncatulinoides II (3 sequences)
Globorotalia truncatulinoides III (1 sequences)
Globorotalia truncatulinoides IV (1 sequences)
Globorotalia truncatulinoides V (19 sequences)

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Notes: The evolutionary appearance of Gr. (T.) truncatulinoides marks the base of N22 and is generally considered to approximate the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary.
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138)
First occurrence (base): near top of PL6 [Atl.] zone (90% up, 1.9Ma, in Gelasian stage). Data source: Wade et al. (2011), additional event; position within zone determined by linear interpolation from data in table 1 of Wade et al. (2011).

References:

Crundwell, M. P. (2018). Globoconella pseudospinosa, n. sp.: A new Early Pliocene planktonic foraminifera from the Southwest Pacific. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 48(4): 288-300. gs

d'Orbigny, A. (1839b). Foraminifères des Iles Canaries. In, Barker-Webb, P. & Berthelot, S. (eds) Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries. 120-146. gs

Darling, K. F. & Wade, C. M. (2008). The genetic diversity of planktic foraminifera and the global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes. Marine Micropaleontology. 67: 216-238. gs

de Vargas, C., Renaud, S., Hilbrecht, H. & Pawlowski, J. (2001). Pleistocene adaptive radiation in Globorotalia truncatulinoides: genetic, morphologic, and environmental evidence. Paleobiology. 27: 104-125. gs

Kennett, J. P. & Geitzenauer, K. R. (1969). The Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary in a South Pacific deep-sea core. Nature. 224(5222): 899-901. gs

Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs

Lam, A. & Leckie, R. M. (2020a). Late Neogene and Quaternary diversity and taxonomy of subtropical to temperate planktic foraminifera across the Kuroshio Current Extension, northwest Pacific Ocean. Micropaleontology. 66(3): 177-268. gs

Loeblich, A. & Tappan, H. (1994). Foraminifera of the Sahul shelf and Timor Sea. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 31: 1-661. gs O

Morard, R., Quillévéré, F., Escarguel, G. & Garidel-thoron, T. D. (2013). Ecological modeling of the temperature dependence of cryptic species of planktonic foraminifera in the Southern Hemisphere. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 391: 13-33. gs

Postuma, J. A. (1971). Manual of planktonic foraminifera. Elsevier for Shell Group, The Hague. 1-406. gs

Quillévéré, F. et al. (2013). Global scale same-specimen morpho-genetic analysis of Truncorotalia truncatulinoides: A perspective on the morphological species concept in planktonic foraminifera. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 391: 2-12. gs

Shackleton, N. J. & Vincent, E. (1978). Oxygen and carbon isotope studies in Recent Foraminifera from the southeast Indian Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology. 3: 1-13. gs

Siccha, M. & Kucera, M. (2017). ForCenS, a curated database of planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples. Scientific Data. 4(1): 1-12. gs

Ujiié, Y. & Lipps, J. H. (2009). Cryptic diversity in planktonic foraminifera in the northwest Pacific ocean. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 39: 145-154. gs

Ujiié, Y., de Garidel-Thoron, T., Watanabe, S., Wiebe, P. & de Vargas, C. (2010). Coiling dimorphism within a genetic type of the planktonic foraminifer Globorotalia truncatulinoides. Marine Micropaleontology. 77: 145-153. gs

Vergnaud-Grazzini, C. (1976). Non-equilibrium isotopic compositions of shells of planktonic foraminifera in the Mediterranean Sea. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 20: 263-276. gs

Wade, B. S., Pearson, P. N., Berggren, W. A. & Pälike, H. (2011). Review and revision of Cenozoic tropical planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and calibration to the geomagnetic polarity and astronomical time scale. Earth-Science Reviews. 104: 111-142. gs

test outline:	Subcircular	chamber arrangement:	Trochospiral	edge view:	Planoconvex	aperture:	Umbilical-extraumbilical
sp chamber shape:	Crescentic	coiling axis:	Low	periphery:	Single keel	aperture border:	Thin lip
umb chbr shape:	Subtriangular	umbilicus:	Narrow	periph margin shape:	Subangular	accessory apertures:	None
spiral sutures:	Flush	umb depth:	Shallow	wall texture:	Smooth	shell porosity:	Macroperforate: >2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Weakly depressed	final-whorl chambers:	5-5	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Globorotalia truncatulinoides

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References:

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Comments

Sub-taxa & variants (time control age-window is: 0-800Ma)
			truncatulinoides & variants
			Globorotalia excelsa Like G. truncatulinoides but with a more acute peripheral keel, a more open umbilicus and fewer pustules covering the surface