pforams@mikrotax - Orbulina universa

Citation: Orbulina universa d’Orbigny, 1839

Basionym: Orbulina universa d’Orbigny, 1839

Synonyms:

Coscinosphaera ciliosa Stuart 1866 [according to Loeblich & Tappan 1986]
Globigerina (Orbulina) acerosa Owen 1868 [according to Brummer & Kucera 2022]
Globigerina (Orbulina) continens Owen 1868 [according to Brummer & Kucera 2022]
Orbulina imperfecta Rhumbler 1911 - invalid [according to Brummer & Kucera 2022]
Orbulina parva Rhumbler 1949 - invalid [according to Brummer & Kucera 2022]

Variants:

Biorbulina bilobata (d'Orbigny) - bilobed form [according to e.g. Stainforth et al., 1975; Saito et al., 1981, Robbins 1988] = Orbulina gemina Terrigi

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Orbulina): Spherical terminal chamber:
This taxon: final chamber enveloping earlier test

Description

Test spherical composed of a single spherical chamber, final chamber entirely enveloping the early part of the test, which is usually reduced. In the adult, an internal Globigerina stage may be enveloped by the final spherical chamber. Surface densely perforate with numerous small openings of two distinct sizes

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Equatorial to subpolar. Low to high latitudes [Aze et al. 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan (1983)]

In modern oceans an abundant, temperate water, species [SCOR WG138]

Map of distribution from ForCenS database

Widely reported as a mixed layer species. [but placed by Aze et al. 2011 in ecogroup 4 - Open ocean sub-thermocline. Based on very light δ¹³C and very heavy δ¹⁸O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Vergnaud-Grazzini (1976)]

Bé et al. (1973) observed that populations with large tests and highest test porosities occur in tropical areas. Those with lower porosities and which decrease in mean test diameter occur in subtropical and Subantarctic waters.

Molecular Genotypes recognised (data from PFR² database, June 2017). References: Darling et al. 1997; Darling & Wade 2008; de Vargas et al. 1999; Morard et al. 2009; Morard et al. 2013; Ujiié & Lipps 2009; Seears et al. 2012.

Orbulina universa I (33 sequences)
Orbulina universa II (4 sequences)
Orbulina universa III (113 sequences)

Most likely ancestor: Orbulina suturalis - at confidence level 4 (out of 5). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, fig. 11.

Biostratigraphic distribution

Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138)
First occurrence (base): within N9 zone (14.24-15.10Ma, base in Langhian stage). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983 (recorded as G. aequilateralis zone)

References:

Brummer, G-J. A. & Kucera, M. (2022). Taxonomic review of living planktonic foraminifera. Journal of Micropalaeontology. 41: 29-74. gs

d'Orbigny, A. (1839a). Foraminiferes. In, de la Sagra, R. (ed.) Histoire physique et naturelle de l'Ile de Cuba. A. Bertrand, Paris, France 1-224. gs

Darling, K. F. & Wade, C. M. (2008). The genetic diversity of planktic foraminifera and the global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes. Marine Micropaleontology. 67: 216-238. gs

Darling, K. F., Wade, C. M., Kroon, D. & Brown, A. J. L. (1997). Planktic foraminiferal molecular evolution and their polyphyletic origins from benthic taxa. Marine Micropaleontology. 30: 251-266. gs

de Vargas, C., Norris, R., Zaninetti, L., Gibb, S. W. & Pawlowski, J. (1999). Molecular evidence of cryptic speciation in planktonic foraminifers and their relation to oceanic provinces. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 96: 2864-2868. gs

Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs

Lam, A. & Leckie, R. M. (2020a). Late Neogene and Quaternary diversity and taxonomy of subtropical to temperate planktic foraminifera across the Kuroshio Current Extension, northwest Pacific Ocean. Micropaleontology. 66(3): 177-268. gs

Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (1986). Some new and revised genera and families of hyaline calcareous Foraminiferida (Protozoa). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 105: 239-265. gs

Loeblich, A. & Tappan, H. (1994). Foraminifera of the Sahul shelf and Timor Sea. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 31: 1-661. gs O

Morard, R. et al. (2009). Morphological recognition of cryptic species in the planktonic foraminifer Orbulina universa. Marine Micropaleontology. 71: 148-165. gs

Morard, R., Quillévéré, F., Escarguel, G. & Garidel-thoron, T. D. (2013). Ecological modeling of the temperature dependence of cryptic species of planktonic foraminifera in the Southern Hemisphere. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 391: 13-33. gs

Postuma, J. A. (1971). Manual of planktonic foraminifera. Elsevier for Shell Group, The Hague. 1-406. gs

Robbins, L. L. (1988). Environmental significance of morphologic variability in open-ocean versus ocean-margin assemblages of Orbulina universa. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 18(4): 326-333. gs

Saito, T., Thompson, P. R. & Breger, D. (1981). Systematic Index of Recent and Pleistocene Planktonic Foraminifera. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo. 1-190. gs

Seears, H. A., Darling, K. F. & Wade, C. M. (2012). Ecological partitioning and diversity in tropical planktonic foraminifera. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12(54): 1-15. gs

Siccha, M. & Kucera, M. (2017). ForCenS, a curated database of planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples. Scientific Data. 4(1): 1-12. gs

Spero, H. J. (1998). Life history and stable isotope geochemistry of planktonic foraminifera. In, Norris, R. D. & Corfield, R. M. (eds) Isotope paleobiology and paleoecology. The Palaeontological Society Papers . 4: 7-36. gs

Stainforth, R. M., Lamb, J. L., Luterbacher, H., Beard, J. H. & Jeffords, R. M. (1975). Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and characteristics of index forms. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Articles. 62: 1-425. gs O

Stuart, A. (1866). Ueber Coscinosphaera ciliosa, eine neue Radiolarie. Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie. 16: 328-345. gs

Ujiié, Y. & Lipps, J. H. (2009). Cryptic diversity in planktonic foraminifera in the northwest Pacific ocean. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 39: 145-154. gs

Vergnaud-Grazzini, C. (1976). Non-equilibrium isotopic compositions of shells of planktonic foraminifera in the Mediterranean Sea. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 20: 263-276. gs

test outline:	Circular	chamber arrangement:	Enveloping	edge view:	Equally biconvex	aperture:	Umbilical
sp chamber shape:	Inflated	coiling axis:	Moderate	periphery:	N/A	aperture border:	N/A
umb chbr shape:	Inflated	umbilicus:	Wide	periph margin shape:	Broadly rounded	accessory apertures:	Areal
spiral sutures:	N/A	umb depth:	Deep	wall texture:	Cancellate	shell porosity:	Macroperforate: >2.5µm
umbilical or test sutures:	Strongly depressed	final-whorl chambers:	1-1	N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable

Orbulina universa

Taxonomy

Description

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution

References:

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