Catalog entries: Globigerinoides tenella
Type images:Distinguishing features: Like G. rubescens but with a small, supplementary aperture.
NB These concise distinguishing features statements are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus.
Wall type: Spinose; Cancellate [Aze 2011]
Morphology: Test small, low trochospire , chambers spherical, four in the final whorl, rapidly increasing in size as added; sutures cllrved and depressed; surface distinctly cancellate with pores set in polygonal pore pits; primary aperture umbilical large, almost circular in outline, with a distinct rim; single small, supplementary aperture on spiral side at intersection of spiral and intercameral sutures. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]
Size: >250µm
Character matrix
test outline: | Lobate | chamber arrangement: | Trochospiral | edge view: | Concavo-convex | aperture: | Umbilical |
sp chamber shape: | Globular | coiling axis: | Moderate | periphery: | N/A | aperture border: | Thin lip |
umb chbr shape: | Globular | umbilicus: | Wide | periph margin shape: | Broadly rounded | accessory apertures: | Sutural |
spiral sutures: | Weakly depressed | umb depth: | Deep | wall texture: | Cancellate | shell porosity: | Macroperforate: >2.5µm |
umbilical or test sutures: | Moderately depressed | final-whorl chambers: | 4.0-4.0 | N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable |
In modern oceans a common, warm water, species [SCOR WG138]
Geographic distribution: Tropical to temperate. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983] Low latitudes [Aze et al. 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan (1983)]
Isotope paleobiology: Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 2 - Open ocean mixed-layer tropical/subtropical, without symbionts. Based on ∂13C lighter than species with symbionts; also with relatively light ∂18O Cited sources (Aze et al. 2011 appendix S3): this study
Phylogenetic relations: Gs. tenellus is similar to Globigerina (Zeaglobigerina) rubescens in all respects except for the development of a small, supplementary aperture. This species evolved from Gg. (Zg.) rubescens in the Late Pliocene. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]
Most likely ancestor: Globigerinoides elongatus - at confidence level 5 (out of 5). Data source: Morard et al. (2019) - based on mol gen data. NB Kennett & Srinivasan 1983 had suggested origin from G. rubescens.
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138)
First occurrence (base): within N21 zone (1.93-3.10Ma, base in Piacenzian stage). Data source: Chaisson & Pearson (1997)
Plot of occurrence data:
Primary source for this page: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, p.80 (as Globigerinoides tenellus)
Aze, T. et al. (2011). A phylogeny of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminifera from fossil data. Biological Reviews. 86: 900-927. gs Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs Loeblich, A. & Tappan, H. (1994). Foraminifera of the Sahul shelf and Timor Sea. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 31: 1-661. gs V O Morard, R. et al. (2019). Genetic and morphological divergence in the warm-water planktonic foraminifera genus Globigerinoides. PLoS One. 14(12): 1-30. gs V O Parker, F. L. (1958). Eastern Mediterranean foraminifera. Reports of the Swedish Deep-Sea Expedition, 1947-1948. 8(4): 217-283. gs Schiebel, R. & Hemleben, C. (2017). Planktic Foraminifers in the Modern Ocean. Springer-Verlag, . 1-358. gsReferences:
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Globigerinoides tenellus compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 5-3-2021
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