Globorotalia sp. Specimens which cannot be assigned to established species
Taxonomy
Citation: Globorotalia Cushman 1927taxonomic rank: genusType species: Pulvinulina menardii var. tumidaTaxonomic discussion: Virtually every planktonic foraminiferal species with an extraumbilical to peripheral aperture has been assigned to the genus Globorotalia. However, although the use of the apertural characteristic as the sole criterion has the advantage of simplicity of application, it does not necessarily reflect true phylogenetic relationships between species or patterns of evolutionary radiation, which have marked the Neogene planktonic foraminiferal assemblages (Cifelli, 1969). Blow (1969) divided the Neogene globorotaliids into two subgenera, Globorotalia (Globorotalia) and Globorotalia (Turborotalia), on the basis of the presence or absence of a peripheral keel. Such a procedure, however, ignores the phyletic relationships between species and often splits a continuous evolutionary bioseries into two subgenera, as for example the Gr. (Turborotalia) peripheroronda to Gr. (Globorotalia) fohsi robusta bioseries. Thus, Blow's (1969) grouping is artificial from a taxonomic point of view. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983].
The distinct lineages of Globorotalia have been assigned to different genera or sub-genera by many workers - e.g. Bandy (1972, 1975), Fleisher (1974), Kennett & Srinivasan (1983), Aze et al. 2011. However, the nomenclatural validity of some of these taxa is in doubt, and they are not usually used for the extant species. So, here we simply identify them as lineages. Despite this the classification essentially follows that of Aze et al. 2011. For further discussion see also Cifelli & Scott (1986), Stewart (2003).
NB These concise distinguishing features statements are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus. They are being edited as the site is developed and comments on them are especially welcome.
Description
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Biogeography and Palaeobiology
Geographic distribution
Most likely ancestor:Paragloborotalia - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: the ancestor of both the fohsi lineage and the scitula lineage are thought to be species of Paragloborotalia. Likely descendants:Globoconella; plot with descendants
Biostratigraphic distribution
Geological Range: Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: Total of ranges of the species in this database First occurrence (base): within N5 zone (17.59-21.12Ma, base in Aquitanian stage). Data source: Total of ranges of species in this database
Plot of occurrence data:
Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
Aze, T. et al. (2011). A phylogeny of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminifera from fossil data. Biological Reviews. 86: 900-927. gs
Bandy, O. L. (1972). Origin and development of Globorotalia (Turborotalia) pachyderma (Ehrenberg). Micropaleontology. 18(3): 294-318. gs
Bandy, O. L. (1975). Messinian evaporite deposition and the Miocene/Pliocene boundary, Pasquasia-Capodarso Sections, Sicily. In, Saito, T. & Burckle, L. H. (eds) Late Neogene Epoch Boundaries. American Museum Natural History Micropaleontology Press, New York 49-63. gs
Cifelli, R. & Scott, G. H. (1986). Stratigraphic record of the Neogene globorotaliid radiation (Planktonic Foraminiferida). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 58: 101-. gs
Cushman, J. A. (1927a). An outline of a re-classification of the Foraminifera. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research. 3: 1-105. gsO
Fleisher, R. L. (1974a). Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera and biostratigraphy, Arabian Sea, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 23A. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 23: 1001-1072. gsO
Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs
Stewart, D. R. M. I. (2003). Evolution of Neogene globorotaliid foraminifera and Miocene climate change. PhD thesis, Bristol University. 1-269. gsO
Globorotalia compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project teamviewed: 10-12-2024
