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1889 Sphaeropyle langii - Dreyer p. 13, pl. 4, fig. 54
1965 Prunopyle tetrapila - Hays p. 172, pl. 2, fig. 5
1973 Sphaeropyle robusta - Kling pl. 1, fig.11
1973 Sphaeropyle langii - Kling p. 634, pl. 1, figs. 5-10; pl. 13, figs. 6-8
1975 Sphaeropyle langii - Foreman p. 618, pl. 9, figs. 30, 31
1985 Sphaeropyle langii - Morley pl. 5, figs. 3A, 3B
From Suzuki Paleotax db:
1889 Sphaeropyle langii n. sp. Dreyer p. 89, fig. 54
1963 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Huelsemann p. 17-18, text-fig. 9
1969 Cromyechinus (Sphaeropyle) langii (Dreyer) Petrushevskaya pl. 10, fig. 8
1972 Cromyechinus langii (Dreyer) group Petrushevskaya & Kozlova p. 519, pl. 9, fig. 12
1973 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Kling p. 634, pl. 1, figs. 5-10, pl. 13, figs. 6-8
1975 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Foreman p. 618, pl. 9, figs. 30, 31
1980 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Reynolds p. 761
1980 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Sakai p. 704, pl. 2, figs. 3a-3c
1982 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Nagata pl. 3, fig. 2
1984 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Chitoku pl. 1, figs. 9a, 9b
1985 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Morley p. 410, pl. 5, figs. 3a, 3b
1986 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Taketani et al. pl. 4, fig. 1
1993 Sphaeropyle aff. langii Dreyer Vituchin pl. 25, fig. 3
1995 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer sensu emend. Morley & Nigrini p. 81, pl. 2, figs. 2, 5, 7
1996 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Motoyama pl. 1, fig. 7
2014 Actinomma langii (Dreyer) Burridge et al. p. 51-52, pl. 6, figs. 1-6; pl. 7, figs. 1, 2
2014 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Matsuzaki et al. pl. 1, fig. 8
2015 Actinomma langii (Dreyer) sensu emend. Morely and Nigrini, 1995 Matsuzaki et al. p. 8, fig. 2.11
2017 Sphaeropyle langii Dreyer Chen et al. p. 153, pl. 45, figs. 8-10
Catalog entries: Sphaeropyle langii
type material: S. langiiOriginal description: Es sind 4 konzentrische Gitterkugeln vorhanden, die Durchmesser derselben verhalten sich zu einander wie 1 : 3 : 9 : 14. Wenn man von dem Pylom und einigen welligen Unebenheiten der äußersten Schale absicht, so sind alle 4 Schalen kugelrund; sie sind dünn und durch relativ wenige Radialbalken verbunden, die sich nach außen in Radialstacheln fortsetzen, dieselben sind ungefähr von gleicher Größe und doppelt so lang wie der Durchmesser der innersten Schale. Die 1. Schale ist nur als Schatten sichtbar und daher ihre Struktur nicht zu erkennen. Die 2. und 4. Schale stimmen in ihrer Struktur überein, ihre Poren sind unregelmäßig rundlich und von ungleicher Größe und etwas breiter wie die Zwischenbalken. Die Poren der 3. Schale dagegen sind ca. 3mal breiter wie die der 2. und 4. Schale und 3-4mal breiter wie ihre Zwischenbalken, ebenfalls sind sie unregelmäßig rundlich und von ungleicher Größe. Die Schalen haben eine glatte Oberfläche. Das Pylom ist groß und als solches gut sichtbar, sein Rand ist mit unregelmäßigen Stacheln resp. Zähnen besetzt.
[There are four concentric porous spheres of which the diameters are in the relative proportion of 1:3:9:14. All four spheres are perfectly round if we disregard the pylome and some undulations of the outermost shell. The spheres are thin and are connected by relatively few radial beams that continue beyond the outer sphere as thorns. These radial thorns are all approximately the same size
and length and are double the length of the diameter of the innermost sphere. The innermost sphere is only recognizable as a shadow and therefore the structure cannot be recognized. The second and fourth spheres are similar in their structure, the pores are subcircular and of unequal size and somewhat smaller than the intervening bars. In contrast the pores of the third sphere are about three times wider than those of the second and fourth spheres and three to four times wider than the intervening bars. Moreover, they are subcircular and of unequal size. The spheres have a smooth surface. The pylome is large and clearly visible and its rim is covered with thorns or teeth of unequal size (translated from Dreyer, 1889).
Dimensions of 1, 2, 3 and 4 shells as 12, 43, 112, 169µm, pores of shells 2, 3, 4 as 5, 15, 5µm, bars of shells 2, 3, 4 as 3 to 5, 15, 3 to 5Mm, thickness of bars and spines 5µm, dimension of pylom 72µm, length of pylom teeth approx. 10µm.
Remarks on original description: [Synonymized with Actinomma beroes (Ehrenberg) by Petrushevskaya, 1975c, p.569]
Foreman 1975 - Sphaeropyle langii The forms encountered here agree well with the description of Dreyer, differing only in that the outer shell is not consistently smooth, but may have short thorny by-spines. Longer spines, when present, are up to six in number, disposed as for the Cubosphaeridae; one of these spines, particularly on younger forms, may be associated with the pylome. In addition, the size of the pores of the outer shelland its thickness vary considerably among individual specimens. The second shell has rounded pores, generally irregular in size, 8 to 12 per half a circumference. Measurements (based on 50 specimens from 310-1-1 to 310-6, CC). Diameter of the outer shell 110-210µ, second shell 70-114µ, third shell 25-45µ, innermost shell 12-15µ. Thickness of outer shell 3-15µ.
Published descriptions
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: Lazarus et al. 2015 - "R age group"
First occurrence (base): within Quaternary Period (0.00-2.59Ma, base in Gelasian stage). Data source: Lazarus et al. 2015 - "R age group"
Plot of occurrence data:
Dreyer, F (1889). Die Pylombildungen in vergleichend-anatomischer und entwicklugs-geschichtlicher Beziehung bei Radiolarien und bei Protisten uberhaupt, nebst System und Beschreibung neuer und der bis jetzt bekannten pylomatischen Spummellarien. Jenaische Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft. 23: 77-214. gs O Foreman, H. P. (1975). Radiolaria from the North Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 32. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 32: 579-676. gs O Hays, J. D. (1965). Radiolaria and late Tertiary and Quaternary history of AntarcticSeas. American Geophysical Union, Antarctic Research Series 5, Llano, G. A.. 125-184. gs Kling, S. A. (1973). Radiolaria from the eastern North Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 18. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 18: 617-671. gs Morley, J. J. & Nigrini, C. A. (1995). Miocene to Pleistocene radiolarian biostratigraphy of North Pacific Sites 881, 884, 885, 886, and 887. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 145: 55-91. gs Morley, J. J. (1985). Radiolarians from the northwest Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 86. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 86: 399-422. gs References:
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Sphaeropyle langii compiled by the radiolaria@mikrotax project team viewed: 21-6-2025
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