Original description: Shell subcylindrical or elongate ellipsoidal, approximately twice as long as broad. An inner, densely spongy core is surrounded by a narrow mantle of less dense meshwork. Entire surface usually sparsely covered with bristle-like spines, which in many specimens tend to be longer at the two poles of the main axis. At one pole is a pylome, usually surrounded by short, irregular teeth. Remarks on original description: As indicated by Haeckel (1887, 343-345), the genus Spongurus is apparently cosmopolitan, this species, the only pylomatic member of the genus, has not been found anywhere but in the Antarctic, where it occurs in both the American and Indian Ocean sectors.
Description
Published descriptions
Petrushevskaya 1967 - Larcopyle pylomaticus
Skeleton cylindrical, approximately twice as large as wide. Skeleton constructed of dense spongy tissue; just possible to distinguish striation on periphery corresponding to radial needles. Radial needles extending to exterior (often broken off), distributed irregularly: large number on poles of shell, where they are usually longer. In adult specimens spongy mass surrounded externally by thin mantle which has more formed pores than growing spongy tissue. Mantle not formed at one pole of shell where opening is present, in some degree corresponding to pylome. margin of pylome usually encircled by short irregular spikes. Age changes appear as absence of mantle in young specimens - these are somewhat constricted in middle and expanded at ends; radial striation more marked in them.
Dimensions: length of shell up to 225µ, width up to 125µ. Variation of dimensions often explained by constant growth of spongy shell.
Petrushevskaya 1975 - Larcopyle pylomaticus
Cylindrical skeleton is up to 225µ long, up to 125µ broad. No patagium. Gown is common and covers the entire skeleton.
Lazarus et al 2005 - Larcopyle pylomaticus
See also original description by Riedel (1958). The sub-cylindrical or elliptical shell is about 130 µm long and has a dark appearance in the light microscope. The more or less spongy outer wall consists of small pores which are arranged close together and lack frames. In Pliocene specimens the inside of the shell is filled with spongy meshwork, whereas older specimens show a double (?) spiral with constantly spaced whorls. These, in turn, appear to intergrade with coeval Late Miocene specimens of L. augusti. The shell has a well-developed, wide pylome with teeth.
Biogeography and Palaeobiology
Similar speciespylomaticus
Biostratigraphic distribution
Geological Range: Last occurrence (top): within Neogene Period (2.59-23.03Ma, top in Piacenzian stage). Data source: Lazarus et al. 2015 - "N age group" First occurrence (base): within Neogene Period (2.59-23.03Ma, base in Aquitanian stage). Data source: Lazarus et al. 2015 - "N age group"
Plot of occurrence data:
Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
(NB There is no histogram as there are no occurrence records for the taxon in the Neptune database) Parent: Larcopyle
References:
Lazarus, D., Faust, K. & Popova-Goll, I. (2005). New species of prunoid radiolarians from the Antarctic Neogene. Journal of Micropalaeontology. 24(2): 97-121. gs
Petrushevskaya, M. G. (1967). Radiolayarii otryadov Spumellaria i Nassellaria Antarkicheskoi oblasti (po materialam Sovetskoi Antarkitcheskikh Ekspeditsii). [Antarctic Spumelline and Nasselline radiolarians (from materials from the Soviet Antarctic Expedition)]. Issledovanie Faunyi Morey (Akademii Nauk SSSR) Leningrad. 4(12): 5-186. gs
Petrushevskaya, M. G. (1975a). Cenozoic radiolarians of the Antarctic, Leg 29, DSDP. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 29: 541-675. gsO
Riedel, W. R. (1958). Radiolaria in Antarctic sediments. B.A.N.Z. Antarctic Research Expedition Reports. 6(10): 217-255. gs
Larcopyle pylomaticus compiled by the radiolaria@mikrotax project teamviewed: 10-12-2024
L pylomaticus Lazarus et al 2005 pl 9 fig 01.jpg
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rad_org Larcopyle pylomaticus img1933.jpg
rad_org Larcopyle pylomaticus img1934.jpg
rad_org Larcopyle pylomaticus img2025.jpg
rad_org Larcopyle pylomaticus img1932.jpg
