Weiner2015 f12 5-7.JPG
K_S 1983 60-4.JPG
Lam & Leckie 2020 pl04 08 12.jpg
Lam & Leckie 2020 pl04 09 13-14.jpg
Lam & Leckie 2020 pl04 10-11.jpg
LoeblichTappan 1994 pl200 07-10.JPG
LoeblichTappan 1994 pl201 01-3.JPG
Saito et al 76 pl3-01.JPG
Saito et al 76 pl3-02.JPG
Norris98 pl5-13.JPG
Norris98 pl5-14.JPG
Postuma 1971 p367-4.JPG
Postuma 1971 p367-7.JPG
There has been variable use of the names G. aequilateralis and G. siphonifera. For example Kennett & Srinivasan (1983, p.238) state that "Banner and Blow (1960) considered Ge. aequilateralis (Brady) as a junior synonym of Ge. siphonifera (d'Orbigny), In the present work, we retain the name aequilateralis for the reasons stated by Todd (1963, p.110) and Saito et al. (1976, p.281)."
Here we follow Aze et al. 2011 and SCOR-WG138 (Brummer & Kucera 2014, Brummer & Kucera 2022) in using G. siphonifera
Catalog entries: Globigerina siphonifera, Globigerina aequilateralis, Globigerina aequilateralis involuta
Type images:
holotype: G. siphoniferaDistinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Globigerinella): Test initially trochospiral, becoming nearly planispiral; globular to ovate chambers; aperture umbilical; fine spines cover the test
This taxon: Near planispiral coiling & spherical chambers
Aperture: Interiomarginal wide equatorial arch without rim or lip [Aze 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan 1983] Coiling direction (in extant population): mixed
Diagnostic characters:
Morphology:
Wall type:
Weiner2015 f12 8.JPG
K_S 1983 59-1.JPG
LoeblichTappan 1994 pl200 09.JPG
LoeblichTappan 1994 pl201 02.JPG
Saito et al 76 pl6-07.JPGCharacter matrix
| test outline: | Lobate | chamber arrangement: | Pseudoplanispiral | edge view: | Equally biconvex | aperture: | Equatorial |
| sp chamber shape: | Globular | coiling axis: | Very low | periphery: | N/A | aperture border: | N/A |
| umb chbr shape: | Globular | umbilicus: | Wide | periph margin shape: | Broadly rounded | accessory apertures: | None |
| spiral sutures: | Strongly depressed | umb depth: | Deep | wall texture: | Cancellate | shell porosity: | Macroperforate: >2.5µm |
| umbilical or test sutures: | Strongly depressed | final-whorl chambers: | 5-6 | N.B. These characters are used for advanced search. N/A - not applicable | |||
In modern oceans an abundant, temperate water, species [SCOR WG138]
Geographic distribution
ForCenS G_sipho.jpgMost likely ancestor: Globigerinella praesiphonifera - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, fig. 26.
Likely descendants: Beella praedigitata; Globigerinella calida; Globigerinella radians; Hastigerina pelagica;
plot with descendants
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138)
First occurrence (base): within N12 zone (11.79-13.41Ma, base in Serravallian stage). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983 (recorded as G. aequilateralis)
Plot of occurrence data:
Banner, F. T. & Blow, W. H. (1960a). Some primary types of species belonging to the superfamily Globigerinaceae. Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. 11: 1-41. gs O Brady, H. B. (1879). Notes on some of the rerticularian rhizopoda of the "Challenger" Expedtion. II Additions to the knowledge of porcellaneous and hyaline types. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. 19: 261-299. gs Brummer, G. J. A. & Kucera, M. (2014). SCOR/ICBP 138 taxonomy and key to species of modern planktonic foraminfera v2.1. In, Chart distributed at TMS FNG meeting Texel, The Netherlands, June 2014. 1-. gs Brummer, G-J. A. & Kucera, M. (2022). Taxonomic review of living planktonic foraminifera. Journal of Micropalaeontology. 41: 29-74. gs d'Orbigny, A. (1839a). Foraminiferes. In, de la Sagra, R. (ed.) Histoire physique et naturelle de l'Ile de Cuba. A. Bertrand, Paris, France 1-224. gs Darling, K. F. & Wade, C. M. (2008). The genetic diversity of planktic foraminifera and the global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes. Marine Micropaleontology. 67: 216-238. gs Darling, K. F., Wade, C. M., Kroon, D. & Brown, A. J. L. (1997). Planktic foraminiferal molecular evolution and their polyphyletic origins from benthic taxa. Marine Micropaleontology. 30: 251-266. gs de Vargas, C., Bonzon, M., Rees, N. W., Pawlowski, J. & Zaninetti, L. (2002). A molecular approach to biodiversity and biogeography in the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinella siphonifera (d’Orbigny). Marine Micropaleontology. 45: 101-116. gs Kennett, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. S. (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 1-265. gs Lam, A. & Leckie, R. M. (2020a). Late Neogene and Quaternary diversity and taxonomy of subtropical to temperate planktic foraminifera across the Kuroshio Current Extension, northwest Pacific Ocean. Micropaleontology. 66(3): 177-268. gs Loeblich, A. & Tappan, H. (1994). Foraminifera of the Sahul shelf and Timor Sea. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication. 31: 1-661. gs O Norris, R. D. (1998). Planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy: Eastern Equatorial Atlantic. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 159: 445-479. gs O Postuma, J. A. (1971). Manual of planktonic foraminifera. Elsevier for Shell Group, The Hague. 1-406. gs Saito, T., Thompson, P. R. & Breger, D. (1976). Skeletal ultra-microstructure of some elongate-chambered planktonic foraminifera and related species. In, Takayanagi, Y. & Saito, T. (eds) Progress in Micropaleontology, Special Publication. Micropaleontology Press, The American Museum of Natural History, New York 278-304. gs Seears, H. A., Darling, K. F. & Wade, C. M. (2012). Ecological partitioning and diversity in tropical planktonic foraminifera. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12(54): 1-15. gs Siccha, M. & Kucera, M. (2017). ForCenS, a curated database of planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples. Scientific Data. 4(1): 1-12. gs Todd,R. (1963). Nomenclature of foraminifera. Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. 14(3): 109-111. gs Ujiié, Y. & Lipps, J. H. (2009). Cryptic diversity in planktonic foraminifera in the northwest Pacific ocean. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 39: 145-154. gs Ujiié, Y., Asami, T., de Garidel-Thoron, T., Liu, H., Ishitani, Y. & de Vargas, C. (2012). Longitudinal differentiation among pelagic populations in a planktic foraminifer. Ecology and Evolution. 2: 1725-1737. gs Vergnaud-Grazzini, C. (1976). Non-equilibrium isotopic compositions of shells of planktonic foraminifera in the Mediterranean Sea. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 20: 263-276. gs Weiner, A. K. M., Weinkauf, M. F. G., Kurasawa, A., Darling, K. F., Kucera, M. & Grimm, G. W. (2014). Phylogeography of the tropical planktonic foraminifera lineage Globigerinella reveals isolation inconsistent with passive dispersal by ocean currents. PLoS One. 9: e92148-. gs Weiner, A. K. M., Weinkauf, M. F. G., Kurasawa, A., Darling, K. F. & Kucera, M. (2015). Genetic and morphometric evidence for parallel evolution of the Globigerinella calida morphotype. Marine Micropaleontology. 114: 19-35. gsReferences:
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Globigerinella siphonifera compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 11-11-2025
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