Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg 1872)

1872a Eucyrtidium trachelius - Ehrenberg p . 312
1872b Eucyrtidium trachelius - Ehrenberg pl. 7, fig. 8
1887 Calocyclas amicae - Haeckel p. 1382; pl.74, fig.2
1887 Calocyclas vestalis - Haeckel p. 1382-1383; pl. 74, fig. 3
1887 Theocyrtis trachelius - Haeckel p. 1405
1966 Calocyclas amicae - Benson p. 487-489; pl. 33, figs. 8-9
1967 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Nigrini p. 79-81; pl. 8, fig. 2; pl. 9, fig. 2
1970 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Nigrini p. 172; pl. 4, fig. 10
1971 Calocyclas amicae - Casey pl. 23.1, figs. 15-16
1971 Theocorythium trachelium - Petrushevskaya p. 232; fig. 117, VI; fig. 118, I-II
1974 Theocorythium trachelium - Renz p. 798; pl. 19, fig. 28
1976 Theocorythium trachelium - Renz p. 147-148; pl. 6, fig. 13
1977 Theocorythium trachelium - Molina-Cruz p. 338; pl. 8, fig. 4
1978 Theocorythium trachelium - Riedel and Sanfilippo p. 76; pl. 9, fig. 17
1979 Theocorythium trachelium - Kling p. 313; pl. 2, figs. 23-24
1979 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Nigrini and Moore p. N93-N94; pl. 26, fig. 2
1980 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Johnson and Nigrini p. 135; pl. 4, fig. 3
1982 Theocorythium trachelium - Molina-Cruz p. 996; pl. 5, fig. 6
1983 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Benson p.509
1984 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Nishimura and Yamauchi p. 64; pl. 38, figs. 9-12
1989 Theocorythium trachelium - Cheng and Yeh p. 187; pl. 10, figs. 11-13
1991 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium - Takahashi p. 121; pl. 40, figs. 15-16
1995 Theocorythium trachelium - van de Paverd p. 246; pl. 74, figs. 16-17
1998 Theocorythium trachelium - Boltovskoy fig. 15.160

From Suzuki Paleotax db:

1861 Eucyrtidium trachelius Ehrenberg [nomen nudum] Ehrenberg p. 823
1861 Eucyrtidium trachelius n. sp. [nomen nudum] Ehrenberg p. 768
1873 Eucyrtidium trachelius Ehrenberg Ehrenberg p. 292-293, pl. 7, fig. 8
1873 Eucyrtidium trachelius n. sp. Ehrenberg p. 312
1887 Calocyclas (Calocycletta) amicae n. sp. Haeckel p. 1382, pl. 74, fig. 2
1887 Theocyrtis (Theocorypha) trachelius (Ehrenberg) Haeckel p. 1405-1406
1965 Calocyclas amicae Haeckel Hays p. 178-179, pl. 3, fig. 9
1967 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Nigrini p. 79-81, pl. 8, fig. 2, pl. 9, fig. 2
1970 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Nigrini p. 172, pl. 4, fig. 10
1971 Calocyclas amicae Haeckel Casey pl. 23.1, figs. 15, 16
1971 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Petrushevskaya p. 232, pl. 117, fig. 6, pl. 118, figs. 1, 2
1971 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Nigrini p. 447, pl. 34.1, fig. 5
1972 Lamprocyclas trachelius (Ehrenberg) Petrushevskaya fig. 2.5
1972 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Ling p. 170, pl. 2, fig. 10
1973 Theocorythium ex gr. amicae (Haeckel) Dumitrica p. 839, pl. 15, figs. 8, 13, pl. 26, figs. 2, 4, 5
1973 Theocorythium tracehlium (Ehrenberg) Dinkelman pl. 10, fig. 9
1973 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Dinkelman p. 788, pl. 10, fig. 8
1974 Theocorythium trachelium (Eherenberg) Sanfilippo & Riedel p. 1025, pl. 4, figs. 3-5
1974 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Johnson p. 551, pl. 10, figs. 6-8
1974 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Renz p. 798, pl. 19, fig. 28
1974 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Johnson & Knoll pl. 2, figs. 15, 16
1974 Theocorythium trachlium trachelium (Ehrenberg) [sic] Ieda pl. 1, fig. 3
1975 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Johnson & Knoll pl. 1, fig. 7
1975 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Foreman p. 620, pl. 9, fig. 12
1976 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Renz p. 147-148, pl. 6, fig. 13
1977 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) [sensu lato] Molinap. 338, pl. 8, fig. 7
1978 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Riedel & Sanfilippo p. 76, pl. 9, fig. 17
1979 Theocorythium tracelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Nigrini & Moore N93-95, pl. 26, fig. 2
1979 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Casey et al. fig. 5.11
1979 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Kling p. 311, pl. 2, figs. 23, 24
1980 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Boltovskoy & Riedel p. 127-128, pl. 5, fig. 22
1980 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Johnson & Nigrini p. 135, text-fig. 13e, pl. 4, fig. 3
1980 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Sakai p. 711, pl. 10, figs. 2a, 2b
1981 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Sakai p. 435-436, figs. a, b
1982 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Molinap. 996, pl. 5, fig. 6
1982 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Tan & Su p. 176-177, pl. 19, figs. 1-5
1984 Theocorythium trachelium tracehlium (Ehrenberg) Nishimura & Yamauchi p. 64, pl. 38, figs. 9-12
1985 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Boltovskoy & Jankilevich pl. 5, fig. 8
1985 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Morley p. 412, pl. 5, fig. 2
1985 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Sanfilippo et al. p. 699, figs. 31.1a - 31.1c
1986 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Levyikina p. 77, pl. 14, fig. 9
1986 Theocorythium trachelium trechelium (Ehrenberg) Yamauchi pl. 4, fig. 19
1987 Theocorythium tracehlium tracehlium (Ehrenberg) Dworetzky & Morley pl. 4, fig. 6
1987 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Bjørklund & de Ruiter figs. 4.7-4.10
1988 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Sanfilippo p. 176, pl. 1, figs. 1-5
1989 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Alexandrovich pl. 2, fig. 1
1990 Calocyclas amicae Haeckel Yeh & Cheng pl. 5, fig. 11
1991 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Takahashi p. 121, pl. 40, figs. 15, 16
1992 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Sanfilippo & Riedel pl. 4, fig. 12
1992 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Wang & Yang p. 103, pl. 4, figs. 17, 18
1996 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Haslett p. 95, pl. 2, fig. 9
1996 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Chen & Tan p. 224-225, pl. 33, figs. 10-12, pl. 54, figs. 1-3
1999 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Tan & Chen p. 341-342, text-fig. 5.281
1999 Theocorythium trachelium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Sashida & Kurihara figs. 5.20, 5.21, 7.8
2003 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Tan & Su p. 203-204, pl. 12, figs 10-13; text-fig. 160
2009 Eucyrtidium trachelius Ehrenberg [the Ehrenberg collection] Suzuki et al. pl. 65, figs. 8a-8d
2009 Eucyrtidium trachelius Ehrenberg [type specimen in the Ehrenberg collection] Suzuki et al. pl. 55, figs. 4a-4c
2012 Theocorythium trachelium (Ehrenberg) Krsinic & Krsinic pl. 8, fig. 84
2014 Theocorythium trachelius (Ehrenberg) Matsuzaki et al. pl. 3, fig. 14
2015 Theocorythium trachelium Ehrenberg [sic] Matsuzaki et al. p. 54, fig. 9.18

(Ehrenberg) 1872a p.312; 1872b p.93 pl.7 fig.8 as Eucyrtidium; Nigrini1967 p.79 pl.8 fig.2 pl.9 fig.2; 1970 p.172 pl.4;

Benson 1966 - Calocyclas amicae

Cephalis nearly spherical, with rough surface, with a long, heavy, three-bladed apical horn originating eccentrically (dorsally) from its top and extending from the apical bar which is a dorsal rib in the wall of the cephalis; pores of cephalis, equal, small, subcircular to hexagonal, with hexagonal arrangement, surrounded by rudimentary polygonal frames. Cephalis separated from the campanulate thorax by a distinct necked region that in its dorsal portion has a pair of inconspicuous dorso-lateral lobes. Four collar pores present. Vertical spine, if present, is inconspicuous. Dorsal and primary lateral bars extend as indistinct ribs for a distance of 4-6 pores in the wall of the thorax; the ribs terminate in short, inconspicuous spines or thorns in several specimens. Surface of thorax smooth to rough but without spines; thoracic pores equal, hexagonal to circular, arranged hexagonally in longitudinal rows, with hexagonal frames either absent, rudimentary, or well developed. Thorax separated from a smooth to rough, cylindrical abdomen of variable length by a distinct annular constriction and continuous internal septal ring. Pores of abdomen the same as those of the thorax, although characteristically in some specimens, those of the distal, slightly inflated portion are slightly larger and less regular. Mouth of abdomen constricted, with a hyaline peristome, in several specimens with 5-10 or more triangular, tooth-like peristomal spines.A few (3-8) short, stout, three-bladed, subterminal spines more or less perpendicular to the surface of the abdomen are present in a few specimens above the level of inward curvature of the distal portion of the thorax.

Measurements: based on 11 specimens from stations 27 and 34: length of cephalis 36-42 m, of thorax 49-68 µm, of abdomen 49-127 µm; breadth of cephalis 28-34 µm, of thorax 80-96 µm, of abdomen 87-114 µm; length of apical horn 17-37 µm, of subterminal spines 6-18 µm, of peristomal spines 6-12 µm.

Remarks: Specimens with pores that conform to either Calocyclas amicae Haeckel or C. vestalis Haeckel are present in the Gulf and are not significantly different from one another. The only feature not observed in the Gulf species is the long peristomal spines of C. vestalis. The length of these spines as well as their presence or absence is subject to intraspecific variation, however, and should not be used as criteria for defining species. Eucyrtidium trachelius Ebrenberg has a spherical cephalis separated from a campanulate thorax by a necked region, and an incompletely developed, cylindrical abdomen; therefore, it may represent an incomplete specimen of C. amicae. Its apical horn, however, is conical and much less robust. Study of Ehrenberg's type material should determine whether or not E. trachelius is the same as C. amicae.

Distribution: This species is very rare in the Gulf. It is present only at stations 27, 34, 46, 56, 60, 71, and 92.It is predominantly an oceanic species. This species is apparently confined to tropical to temperate seas. Calocyclas amicae was described by Haeckel from the North Pacific at Challengerstation 253 (38-39 N).C. vestalis was reported from the central Pacific atChallenger station 271.Ehrenberg (1873a, p. 312) reported Eucyrtidium trachelius from the Philippine Sea. \ From: Benson, 1966, p. 487-489; pl. 33, figs. 8-9:Calocyclas amicae HaeckelCalocyclas amicae Haeckel, 1887, Challenger Rept., Zool. , vol. 18, p. 1382, Pl.74, fig.2.Calocyclas vestalis Haeckel, 1887, op. cit., pp. 1382-1383, Pl. 74, fig. 3.?Eucyrtidium trachelius Ehrenberg, 1873a, Akad. Berlin, Monatsb. (1872), p . 312; 1873b, Akad . Berlin, Abhandl. (1872) , Pl. 7, fig. 8.

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