Nannotax3 - ntax_cenozoic - Noelaerhabdaceae Nannotax3 - ntax_cenozoic - Noelaerhabdaceae

Noelaerhabdaceae


Classification: ntax_cenozoic -> Isochrysidales -> Noelaerhabdaceae
Sister taxa: Noelaerhabdaceae, Prinsiaceae, Isochrysidaceae

Daughter taxa (time control age-window is: 0-800Ma)Granddaughter taxa
Emiliania
No bridge, slits between distal shield elements
Emiliania huxleyi
Emiliania sp.

Gephyrocapsa
Bridge across the central area

Pseudoemiliania
With slits between some of the distal shield elements
Pseudoemiliania lacunosa
Pseudoemiliania ovata
Pseudoemiliania sp.

Reticulofenestra
No bridge, no slits
R. pseudoumbilicus group
Reticulofenestra sessilis
C. floridanus group
R. bisecta group
R. lockeri group
R. reticulata group
R. umbilicus group
Reticulofenestra sp.

Noelaerhabdus
With one large spine extending from inner tube
Noelaerhabdus bozinovicae
Noelaerhabdus sp.

Bekelithella
With ring of short spines extending from inner tube
Bekelithella echinata
Bekelithella sp.

Pyrocyclus
Spurious genus for reticulofenestrid coccoliths without shields
Pyrocyclus sp.

Taxonomy:

Citation: Noelaerhabdaceae Jerkovic, 1970 emend. Young & Bown, 1997
Taxonomic rank: family
Synonyms: Gephyrocapsaceae Black, 1971
Taxonomic discussion: The phrase "Noelaerhabdaceaen coccoliths" is ugly and many workers have used alternatives. I reccomend using "reticulofenestrid coccolith" since these all have the same basic structure as Reticulofenestra. Phrases such as "small placoliths" are misleading since unrelated coccolithophores such as Umbilicosphaera produce equally small placoliths. Similarly it is inaccurate to use Isochrysidales to refer to this group unless it is intended to also include both the Prinisaceae and the Isochrysidaceae.

Distinguishing features:
Parent taxon (Isochrysidales): 2N: Mostly placolith heterococcoliths with R-unit dominant. Non-motile
N: non-calcifying, motile, with vestigial haptonema.

This taxon: Heterococcoliths with Reticulofenestra-type structure, V-units vestigal, R-units forming grill, both shields, and two-layered tube

Original description: N. bozinovicae représente, à ma connaissance, le seul type de rhabdolithe comportant une embase à architecture en bouton de manchete qui soit eliptique. Par ailleurs la position excentrée de sa hampe en bordure de la dépression centrale du disque supérieur lui confère un autre trait d'originalité. Ces deux caractères, profondément différents de ceux actuellement connus chez les coccolithes fossiles ou vivants, me paraissent justifier la création d'une nouvelle famille: celle des Noelaerhabdaceae ayant pour genre type Noëlaerhabdus Jerk.

Farinacci & Howe catalog pages: Noelaerhabdaceae, Gephyrocapsaceae *


Morphology:

Coccoliths are placoliths with Reticulofenestra-type structure, i.e. V-unit vestigial, R-unit forms proximal shield, distal shield, inner and outer tube-cycles, grill and any other central-area structures; strongly birefringent. In the SEM characteristic features include; grill in central area, anti-clockwise imbrication of inner tube elements, and monocyclic proximal shield. References: Young (1989), Young et al. (2004).


Biology & life-cycles

Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica have been cultured extensively and their life-cycle is well worked out (Klaveness 1972, Green et al 1996, Houdan et al. 2004, Frada et al. 2009). The dominant phase is diploid, non-motile and usually heterococcolith-bearing (= C-cells), although naked mutants often occur in culture (= N-cells). The alternate phase is haploid, scale-bearing and motile (= S-cells). There is no holococcolith stage.

Search data:
Lith size: 1->20µm;
The morphological data given here can be used on the advanced search page. See also these notes

Geological Range:
Notes: The Noelaerhabdaceae dominate most Neogene nannofossil assemblages with the dominant genera being succesively Cyclicargolithus (NN1-6), Reticulofenestra (NN6-16), Pseudoemiliania (NN16-19), Gephyrocapsa (NN19-20) and Emiliania (NN21). The last occurrences of various larger forms provide excellent highly synchronous biostatigraphic events - particularly LO large R. pseudoumbilicus (end NN10A), LO R. pseudoumbilicus (end NN15), LO large Gephyrocapsa (NN19), LO P. pseudoemiliania (end NN19).
Last occurrence (top): Extant. Data source: Total of ranges of the species in this database
First occurrence (base): within NP9 zone (55.86-57.21Ma, base in Thanetian stage). Data source: Total of ranges of species in this database

Plot of occurrence data:

References:

Black, M. (1971c). The systematics of coccoliths in relation to the paleontological record. In, Funnell, B. M. & Riedel, W. R. (eds) The Micropaleontology of the Oceans. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 611-624. gs O

Frada, M., Probert, I., Allen, M. J., Wilson, W. H. & de Vargas, C. (2008). The “Cheshire Cat” escape strategy of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi in response to viral infection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 105(41): 15944-15949. gs

Gallagher, L. T. (1989). Reticulofenestra : A critical review of taxonomy, structure and evolution. In, Crux, J. A. & van Heck, S. E. (eds) Nannofossils and their applications: Proceedings of the 2nd INA Conference, London 1987. British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . 41-75. gs O

Green, J. C., Course, P. A. & Tarran, G. A. (1996). The life-cycle of Emiliania huxleyi: A brief review and a study of relative ploidy levels analysed by flow cytometry. Journal of Marine Systems. 9: 33-44. gs

Houdan, A. et al. (2004a). Flow cytometric analysis of relative ploidy levels in holococcolithophore-heterococcolithophore (Haptophyta) life cycles. Systematics and Biodiversity. 1(4): 453-465. gs

Jerkovic, L. (1970). Noëlaerhabdus nov. gen. type d'un nouvelle famille de Coccolithophoridés fossiles: Noëlaerhabdaceae du Miocène supérieur de Yugoslavie. Comptes rendus hebdomaire de l'Académie des sciences, Paris. 270: 468-470. gs

Klaveness, D. (1972). Coccolithus huxleyi (Lohmann) Kamptner. II. - The flagellate cell, aberrant cell types, vegetative propagation and life cycles. British Phycological Journal. 7: 309-318. gs

Young, J. R. & Bown, P. R. (1997). Cenozoic calcareous nannoplankton classification. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 19(1): 36-47. gs

Young, J. R. (1989). Observations on heterococcolith rim structure and its relationship to developmental processes. In, Crux, J. A. & van Heck, S. E. (eds) Nannofossils and their applications: Proceedings of the 2nd INA Conference, London 1987. British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . 1-20. gs

Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Probert, I. & Ostergaard, J. B. (2003). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. S1: 1-132. gs

Young, J. R., Henriksen, K. & Probert, I. (2004b). Structure and morphogenesis of the coccoliths of the CODENET species. In, Thierstein, H. R. & Young, J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - From molecular processes to global impact. Springer, Berlin 191-216. gs O


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Noelaerhabdaceae compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 8-2-2025

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